Design and testing of prototype handheld scanning probes for optical coherence tomography

Demian, Dorin; Duma, Virgil-Florin; Sinescu, Cosmin; Negruțiu, Meda Lavinia; Cernat, Ramona; Topală, Florin; Huţiu, Gheorghe; Bradu, Adrian; Podoleanu, Adrian Gh.

doi:10.1177/0954411914543963

Cited by 61 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Another advantage of opting for OCT instead of an SEM is the possibility of assembling small, compact OCT mobile units and handheld scanning probes [18][19][20][21][22]. Such units make on-site evaluations possible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface imaging of metallic material fractures using optical coherence tomography

et al. 2014

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We demonstrate the capability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to perform topography of metallic surfaces after being subjected to ductile or brittle fracturing. Two steel samples, OL 37 and OL 52, and an antifriction Sn-Sb-Cu alloy were analyzed. Using an in-house-built swept source OCT system, height profiles were generated for the surfaces of the two samples. Based on such profiles, it can be concluded that the first two samples were subjected to ductile fracture, while the third one was subjected to brittle fracture. The OCT potential for assessing the surface state of materials after fracture was evaluated by comparing OCT images with images generated using an established method for such investigations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of cause of fracture is essential in response to damage of machinery parts during various accidents. Currently the analysis is performed using SEM, on samples removed from the metallic parts, while OCT would allow in situ imaging using mobile units. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the OCT capability to replace SEM has been demonstrated. SEM is a more costly and time-consuming method to use in the investigation of surfaces of microstructures of metallic materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface imaging of metallic material fractures using optical coherence tomography

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, OCT has been initially developed for ophthalmology [1], and it is usually focused on biomedical applications, including in skin, dentistry, or endoscopy [24]. For non-medical applications, OCT has been used especially for in-depth investigations of non-metallic (i.e., non-reflective) samples, in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) of plastics and composites [25,26], electronic materials [27,28], dental materials [21,29,30], glass [31,32], or even art works like paintings [33]-to determine their internal structure, matrices and reinforcement, superficial stress, layer thickness, defects occurring inside layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Ductile, Brittle, and Fatigue Fractures of Metals Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Huţiu

Duma

Demian

et al. 2018

Metals

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Some forensic in situ investigations, such as those needed in transportation (for aviation, maritime, road, or rail accidents) or for parts working under harsh conditions (e.g., pipes or turbines) would benefit from a method/technique that distinguishes ductile from brittle fractures of metals-as material defects are one of the potential causes of incidents. Nowadays, the gold standard in material studies is represented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, SEM instruments are large, expensive, time-consuming, and lab-based; hence, in situ measurements are impossible. To tackle these issues, we propose as an alternative, lower-cost, sufficiently high-resolution technique, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) to perform fracture analysis by obtaining the topography of metallic surfaces. Several metals have been considered in this study: low soft carbon steels, lamellar graphite cast iron, an antifriction alloy, high-quality rolled steel, stainless steel, and ductile cast iron. An in-house developed Swept Source (SS) OCT system, Master-Slave (MS) enhanced is used, and height profiles of the samples' surfaces were generated. Two configurations were used: one where the dimension of the voxel was 1000 µm 3 and a second one of 160 µm 3 -with a 10 µm and a 4 µm transversal resolution, respectively. These height profiles allowed for concluding that the carbon steel samples were subject to ductile fracture, while the cast iron and antifriction alloy samples were subjected to brittle fracture. The validation of OCT images has been made with SEM images obtained with a 4 nm resolution. Although the OCT images are of a much lower resolution than the SEM ones, we demonstrate that they are sufficiently good to obtain clear images of the grains of the metallic materials and thus to distinguish between ductile and brittle fractures-especially with the higher resolution MS/SS-OCT system. The investigation is finally extended to the most useful case of fatigue fracture of metals, and we demonstrate that OCT is able to replace SEM for such investigations as well.

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“…The present study demonstrates that OCT can replace the SEM in the analysis of metallic surfaces broken in both a ductile and a brittle manner. 3) Another advantage of the OCT method as compared to the SEM is that the former can generate the image of the entire sample surface through consecutive scanning operations using an OCT mobile unit and handheld scanning probes [15,16]. These scanning operations do not destroy the metallic parts, which is an essential issue in the case of aviation, maritime, road or rail accidents, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A steel sample subjected to ductile fracture is considered as an example in the present paper. The tests carried out have been demonstrated that the OCT method is capable to replace the gold standard in this field, i.e., the SEM method, that has much higher resolutions, but also higher cost, and it is labor and time consuming; it is also strictly lab-based, in comparison with OCT, which can work as mobile units equipped with handheld scanning probes with galvoscanners [15,16] or Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) [18], in order to perform in situ, industrial or forensic investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the fractures of metallic materials using optical coherence tomography

et al. 2017

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Forensic in situ investigations, for example for aviation, maritime, road, or rail accidents would benefit from a method that may allow to distinguish ductile from brittle fractures of metals -as material defects are one of the potential causes of such accidents. Currently, the gold standard in material studies is represented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, SEM are large, lab-based systems, therefore in situ measurements are excluded. In addition, they are expensive and time-consuming. We have approached this problem and propose the use of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in such investigations in order to overcome these disadvantages of SEM. In this respect, we demonstrate the capability to perform such fracture analysis by obtaining the topography of metallic surfaces using OCT. Different materials have been analyzed; in this presentation a sample of low soft carbon steel with the chemical composition of C 0.2%, Mn 1.15%, S 0.04%, P 0.05 % and Fe for the rest has been considered. An in-house developed Swept Source (SS) OCT system has been used, and height profiles have been generated for the sample surface. This profile allowed for concluding that the carbon steel sample was subjected to a ductile fracture. A validation of the OCT images obtained with a 10 microns resolution has been made with SEM images obtained with a 4 nm resolution. Although the OCT resolution is much lower than the one of SEM, we thus demonstrate that it is sufficient in order to obtain clear images of the grains of the metallic materials and thus to distinguish between ductile and brittle fractures. This study analysis opens avenues for a range of applications, including: (i) to determine the causes that have generated pipe ruptures, or structural failures of metallic bridges and buildings, as well as damages of machinery parts; (ii) to optimize the design of various machinery; (iii) to obtain data regarding the structure of metallic alloys); (iv) to improve the manufacturing technologies of metallic parts.

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Design and testing of prototype handheld scanning probes for optical coherence tomography

Cited by 61 publications

References 40 publications

Surface imaging of metallic material fractures using optical coherence tomography

Surface imaging of metallic material fractures using optical coherence tomography

Assessment of Ductile, Brittle, and Fatigue Fractures of Metals Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Analysis of the fractures of metallic materials using optical coherence tomography

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