Design and theoretical error analysis of wireless electrochemical reader to be integrated in smart mask for breath monitoring

Takaloo, Saeed; Zand, Mahdi Moghimi

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2023.113338

Cited by 2 publications

References 58 publications

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A reliable, practical and cost-effective portable wireless potentiostat for mobile chemical sensing and biosensing

Wang,

Pan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Traditional electrochemical workstations are costly, complex, bulky, and primarily used in laboratories. This study develops a reliable, practical, and cost-effective portable wireless potentiostat to achieve real-time detection on-site and overcome the limitations of traditional electrochemical workstations. The system employs a general-purpose microcontroller unit (MCU), a dual-mode Bluetooth module and cost-effective multi-analog-to-digital converter (multi-ADC) to achieve differential sampling of the LMP91000. The system is equipped with buttons and OLEDs, enabling connection to mobile phones and computers for in-depth data analysis or independent operation. The system was successfully tested with [Fe(CN)6]3-, C6H12O6, and C3H6O3 solutions at concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 mM. The goodness-of-fit (R²) values are 0.984, 0.996, and 0.998, respectively. The average relative standard deviation of the three blank solutions is approximately 3.22%. The detection limits measured (0.003, 0.009, and 0.005 mM) are all lower than the minimum detection concentration (0.2, 0.1, and 0.1 mM). The coefficient of variation for repetitive experiments is less than 5.53%. The device accurately executed chronoamperometry (applied voltage range is ± 1.2 V, current range is ± 882 μA, accuracy is ± 1 %) with high sensitivity and good repeatability. Based on this circuit, a lactic acid detector and a urine glucose detector were developed, which work stably and support long-term operation, proving the stability and reliability of the circuit. Compared to commercial electrochemical workstations, PWES offers remarkable advantages in cost (< $6.4), size (41.5 mm × 76.5 mm), and practicality, making it suitable for a range of applications, including biomedical analysis, food safety, environmental monitoring, and smart wearables.

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