Design methodology for ETSI SDH subnetworks employing SNCP-rings

Abstract

The increased demand for distribution of telecommunication services over survivable network architectures led to the identification of resilient ring architectures as a very desirable network option. With the recent development of rings employing Subnetwork Connection Protection (SNCPrings) numerous complex solutions can be achieved in the design of survivable SDH subnetworks. In this paper, the methodology for the strategic planning of survivable SDH SNCP-ring subnetworks is presented and analysed. The various subnetwork solutions are classified. The trade-offs of the different solution types for subnetwork planning are introduced and the factors affecting them are discussed. Three algorithms for optimising the planning of equipment cost-effective SDH subnetworks using SNCP-ring solutions have been implemented. Results, indicating the efficiency of the algorithms and the factors affecting it, supported by simulation work, are presented and discussed.

Blockchain-Based Transparency and Data Provenance in the Wine Value Chain

“…Blockchain provides a decetralized database storage distributed over all participants in a peer-to-peer (P2P) fashion [18,19]. The data in this structure is organized into a chain of blocks, where each block contains pieces of information that is immutably connected to a single preceding block.…”

“…This is accomplished by using a cryptographic hash function linked to the data within the blocks. The main characteristics of blockchain technology are decentralization, immutability, security, transaction efficiency and transparency [18]. The blockchain can be deployed as public, private, or federated (partly private) setup.…”