Design of a Dual-Loop Array Antenna with Improved Isolation and Durability Characteristics

Abstract

Here, we propose an X-band dual-loop patch array with improved mutual coupling and durability. To reduce the radiator size and improve the bandwidth characteristics, individual elements of the proposed array antenna employ a dual-loop patch antenna that includes an indirectly fed structure. The proposed antenna includes a via cavity structure, which is advantageous for improving the isolation characteristics durability. To verify the performance of the proposed antenna, the measurement results are compared to the simulation results using FEKO, CST, and HFSS. The subsequent results demonstrate that the proposed antenna operates in the X-band with a VSWR less than 3:1. We also examine the VSWR in the scan range (0°<θ< 90°, 0°<φ< 360°) of the 3 × 3 array antenna, which exhibits active VSWRs less than 3.7 in all scan directions.