Design of Additively Manufactured Structures for Biomedical Applications: A Review of the Additive Manufacturing Processes Applied to the Biomedical Sector

Calignano, Flaviana; Galati, Manuela; Iuliano, Luca; Minetola, Paolo

doi:10.1155/2019/9748212

Cited by 71 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The working procedure of SLS is well explained in Mazzoli . The different classes of polymers available for SLS process are discussed in Drummer et al and Schmid et al Particularly in biomedical engineering, the scope of SLS is huge . Further, blended polymers as well as PMCs are also suitable for SLS processing .…”

Section: Dp Technologies For Pmc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 The different classes of polymers available for SLS process are discussed in Drummer et al 57 and Schmid et al 58 Particularly in biomedical engineering, the scope of SLS is huge. [59][60][61][62][63][64] Further, blended polymers as well as PMCs are also suitable for SLS processing. 65,66,101,102 In Bourell et al 103 and Singh et al, 104 authors discussed the various issues of SLS process.…”

Section: Selective Laser Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printing of polymer composites: A short review

Singh

Ramakrishna

Berto

2019

Mat Design & Process Comms

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Composite or reinforced materials, especially in the class of polymers, are becoming prominent materials for the diversified range of engineering and scientific utilities because of their physical, chemical, mechanical, and structural excellences. Indeed, the main credit for the widespread acknowledgment of polymer matrix composites (PMCs) goes to the various types of natural and synthetic reinforcements, which resulted in good interfacial chemistries. However, the intrinsic challenges of traditional manufacturing technologies always presented restrictions in the development of application specific PMCs. Reportedly, with an evolution of three‐dimensional printing (3DP) technologies, the applications of PMCs have been transformed as these enabled the production of near‐net shapes with high degree of control over the design, reinforcements, and processing parametric while maintaining the waste associated at minimal level. However, the industrial benefits of 3DP technologies for still limited owing to the lack of awareness among the young professionals and industrialists. Moreover, the literature available in this regard is either too scattered making it tedious for the professionals to go through or limited to only fundamental concepts. Therefore, the concept of this review paper is to provide brief research‐based insights of different 3DP technologies (namely, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, stereolithography, laminated object manufacturing, and inkjet printing), material systems, applications, and the future paradigms of research as a short and precise document.

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Section: Dp Technologies For Pmc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selective Laser Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of polymer composites: A short review

Singh

Ramakrishna

Berto

2019

Mat Design & Process Comms

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“…Titanium and its alloys have an excellent tensile strength to density ratio and high resistance to corrosion and fatigue [31]. However, at the same time, literature sources report numerous technological problems [32,33]. The solution to the technological deficiencies of powder metallurgy is incremental techniques that allow us to generate complex surfaces and obtain materials of high purity [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Surface Roughness of PEEK GRF30 and Ti6Al4V SLM on the Viability of Primary Human Osteoblasts Determined by the MTT Test

Prochor

Mierzejewska

2019

Materials

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The aim of the study was to clearly determine whether selected modern medical materials and three dimensional printing allow for satisfactory viability of human osteoblasts, which is important from the point of view of the subsequent osseointegration process. Moreover, as implants are produced with various topography, the influence of surface roughness on viability of bone cells was evaluated. To conduct the research, primary human osteoblasts (PromoCell) were used. Cells were seeded on samples of glass-reinforced polyetheretherketone (30% of the filling), Ti6Al4V manufactured with the use of selective laser melting technology and forged Ti6Al4V with appropriately prepared variable surface roughness. To assess the viability of the tested cells the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was used. Results showed that all evaluated materials do not exhibit cytotoxic properties. Moreover, on their basis it can be concluded that there is a certain surface topography (designated i.a. as roughness equal to approx. Ra = 0.30 µm), which ensures the highest possible viability of human osteoblasts. On the basis of the received data, it can also be concluded that modern glass-reinforced polyetheretherketone or Ti6Al4V produced by rapid prototyping method allow to manufacture implants that should be effectively used in clinical conditions.

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“…Additive technology is the ideal technique to produce these plates, not only due to the ability to produce very complex shapes, but also due to the fact that the use of additive manufacturing allows to reduce material waste, part fabrication without the use of complex tooling, being the ideal technology for mass personalisation (Parthasarathy 2015;Murr 2016). For metal fixation plates, the ideal additive manufacturing technologies are selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) (Calignano et al 2019;Yuan et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress analysis in a bone fracture fixed with topology-optimised plates

Al-Tamimi

Quental

Folgado

et al. 2019

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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The design of commercially available fixation plates and the materials used for their fabrication lead to the plates being stiffer than bone. Consequently, commercial plates are prone to induce bone stress shielding. In this study, three-dimensional fixation plates are designed using topology optimisation aiming to reduce the risk of bone stress shielding. Fixation plate designs were optimised by minimising the strain energy for three levels of volume reduction (i.e. 25%, 45% and 75%). To evaluate stress shielding, changes in bone stress due to the different fixation plate designs were determined on the fracture plane of an idealised shaft of a long bone under a four-point bending load considering the effect of a patient walking with crutches of a transverse fractured tibia. Topology optimisation is a viable approach to design less stiff plates with adequate mechanical strength considering high volume reductions, which consequently increased the stress transferred to the bone fracture plane minimising bone stress shielding. 4 Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Design of Additively Manufactured Structures for Biomedical Applications: A Review of the Additive Manufacturing Processes Applied to the Biomedical Sector

Cited by 71 publications

References 54 publications

3D Printing of polymer composites: A short review

3D Printing of polymer composites: A short review

Influence of the Surface Roughness of PEEK GRF30 and Ti6Al4V SLM on the Viability of Primary Human Osteoblasts Determined by the MTT Test

Stress analysis in a bone fracture fixed with topology-optimised plates

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