Design of protograph codes for additive white symmetric alpha‐stable noise channels

Zhong, Xian; Cai, Kui; Chen, Pingping; Mei, Zhen

doi:10.1049/iet-com.2019.0332

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, a large σ 0 /µ 0 represents a worse fabrication process with more read decision errors, while a small σ 0 /µ 0 represents a better fabrication process with fewer read decision errors. Correspondingly, unlike in the AWGN channel where the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) is used to measure the decoding threshold, which is the lowest SNR value to meet the stopping criterion of the modified EXIT and P-EXIT analysis [10], [18], [19], we use the value of σ 0 /µ 0 to evaluate the decoding threshold of the STT-MRAM channel.…”

Section: Cascaded Channel Model Of Stt-mrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Rate-Compatible Protograph LDPC Codes for Spin-Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-MRAM)

et al. 2019

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Thanks to its superior features of non-volatility, fast read/write speed, high endurance, and low power consumption, spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) has become a promising candidate for the next generation non-volatile memories (NVMs) and storage class memories (SCMs). However, it has been found that the write errors and read errors caused by thermal fluctuation and process variation severely degrade the reliability of STT-MRAM. Moreover, process imperfection also causes a diversity of the raw bit error rate (BER) among different dies of STT-MRAM. In this paper, we propose the design of novel rate-compatible protograph low-density parity-check (RCP-LDPC) codes to correct memory cell errors and mitigate the raw BER diversity of STT-MRAM. In particular, to deal with the asymmetric property of the STT-MRAM channel, we first apply an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) channel adapter to symmetrize the STT-MRAM channel. We then present a modified protograph extrinsic information transfer (P-EXIT) algorithm for the symmetrized STT-MRAM channel. We further propose a combined guideline, including the modified P-EXIT algorithm, the asymptotic weight enumerator (AWE) analysis, as well as the actual error rate performance, for designing protograph LDPC codes with short information word lengths for STT-MRAM. By further applying a code extension approach, we design novel RCP-LDPC codes that can work with a single encoder/decoder. Simulation results show that our proposed RCP-LDPC codes outperform the well-known rate-compatible AR4JA protograph codes as well as the fixed-rate quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes in terms of both the error rate performance and the convergence speed over the STT-MRAM channel. INDEX TERMSSpin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM), protograph low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, rate-compatible codes, protograph extrinsic information transfer (P-EXIT) algorithm, asymptotic weight enumerator (AWE) analysis.

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Section: Cascaded Channel Model Of Stt-mrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Rate-Compatible Protograph LDPC Codes for Spin-Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-MRAM)

et al. 2019

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“…In general, non-Gaussian signals are processed based on higher-order statistics (HOS) or fractional lower-order statistics (FLOS) [9][10][11][12]. If these signals are incorrectly assumed to satisfy Gaussian distribution, the filter will perform poorly or cease to be effective [13], because these signals obey α-stable distribution rather than Gaussian distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Filtering Algorithm for Non-Gaussian Signals in Alpha-Stable Distribution

Yang¹

2020

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Currently, many adaptive filtering algorithms are available for the non-Gaussian environment, namely, least mean square (LMS) algorithm, recursive least square (RLS) algorithm, least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm, and subspace minimum norm (SMN) algorithm. Most of them can converge to the steady-state, but face various constraints in the presence of alpha (α)-stable noises. To solve the problem, this paper aims to develop an adaptive filtering algorithm for non-Gaussian signals in α-stable distribution, drawing on the merits of existing adaptive filtering algorithms. Firstly, the authors introduced the theory of α-stable distribution, the central limit theorem and fractional lower-order statistics (FLOS). Next, two classic adaptive filtering algorithms, RLS and LMS, were summarized, and compared through tests. On this basis, the FLOS-SMN algorithm was designed in the light of the features of the LMS and the SMN, which applies to the filtering of non-Gaussian signals in αstable distribution. Finally, the proposed algorithm was proved as faster, more stable and more adaptable than the traditional method.

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Design of protograph codes for additive white symmetric alpha‐stable noise channels

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Design of Rate-Compatible Protograph LDPC Codes for Spin-Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-MRAM)

Design of Rate-Compatible Protograph LDPC Codes for Spin-Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-MRAM)

An Adaptive Filtering Algorithm for Non-Gaussian Signals in Alpha-Stable Distribution

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