Designed Circularly Polarized Two-Port Microstrip MIMO Antenna for WLAN Applications

Khan, Ijaz; Wu, Qun; Ullah, Inam; Rahman, Saeed Ur; Ullah, Habib; Zhang, Kuang

doi:10.3390/app12031068

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Because of the proper implementation of the parasitic patch, CP is attained. In [ 82 ], the edge-to-edge spacing between the two patches of MIMO design is 12.2 mm for the best results. The basic square patch with square cut at the corner provides circular polarization.…”

Section: Circularly Polarized Mimo Antenna Design Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIMO Antennas: Design Approaches, Techniques and Applications

Sharma

Tiwari²,

Singh

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The excessive use of digital platforms with rapidly increasing users in the wireless domain enforces communication systems to provide information with high data rates, high reliability and strong transmission connection quality. Wireless systems with single antenna elements are not able to accomplish the desired needs. Therefore, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas are getting more attention in modern high-speed communication systems and play an essential part in the current generation of wireless technology. However, along with their ability to significantly increase channel capacity, it is a challenge to achieve an optimal isolation in a compact size for fifth-generation (5G) terminals. Portable devices, automobiles, handheld gadgets, smart phones, wireless sensors, radio frequency identification and other applications use MIMO antenna systems. In this review paper, the fundamentals of MIMO antennas, the performance parameters of MIMO antennas, and different design approaches and methodologies are discussed to realize the three most commonly used MIMO antennas, i.e., ultra-wideband (UWB), dual-band and circularly polarized antennas. The recent MIMO antenna design approaches with UWB, dual band and circularly polarized characteristics are compared in terms of their isolation techniques, gain, efficiency, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity loss (CCL). This paper is very helpful to design suitable MIMO antennas applicable in UWB systems, satellite communication systems, GSM, Bluetooth, WiMAX, WLAN and many more. The issues with MIMO antenna systems in the indoor environment along with possible solutions to improve their performance are discussed. The paper also focuses on the applications of MIMO characteristics for future sixth-generation (6G) technology.

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Section: Circularly Polarized Mimo Antenna Design Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIMO Antennas: Design Approaches, Techniques and Applications

Sharma

Tiwari²,

Singh

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…A CP frequency range of (5.4-5.7) GHz is attained with the aid of a dual patch microstrip antenna with coaxial feeding [16]. In [17], the slotted microstrip antenna with proximity-coupled feeding is utilized to generate CP for 5G mid-band applications that are used the LTE 43 standard (3.6-3.8) GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Broadband Circularly Polarized Wide-Slot Antenna With Axial Ratio Bandwidth Encompassing LTE 42 and LTE 43 Standards of 5G Mid-Band

et al. 2023

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This study presents a compact broadband wide-slot antenna with broadband left-hand circular polarization compatible with both LTE 42 and LTE 43 standards of 5G mid-band applications. The proposed antenna is fabricated on an FR4 dielectric substrate with overall dimensions of 0.41𝜆 𝑜 × 0.36𝜆 𝑜 × 0.02𝜆 𝑜 , where 𝜆 𝑜 is the free space wavelength at the resonant frequency of the antenna. The antenna ground plane is etched to form a square radiating slot with a pair of rectangular ground stubs that are diagonally placed inside the slot. On the other side of the antenna, the feed line is loaded by horizontal and vertical stubs to improve the coupling between the feed line and the square slot. To generate a circular polarization, the feeding stubs cooperate with the pair of rectangular ground stubs to excite the radiating slot of the antenna at two different feeding points whose currents have approximately equal amplitude and 90 o phase shift. The measured impedance bandwidth (BW) of the proposed wide-slot antenna is 16.2% (580 MHz along the band 3.3-3.88 GHz), while the observed axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is 12.2% (440 MHz in the 3.4-3.84 GHz band). The measured gain values are found to be larger than 2.5 dB along both standards of the 5G mid-band applications.INDEX TERMS Axial Ratio, circular polarization, wide-slot antenna, reflection coefficient, broadband.

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“…The ARBW is widened to 3% with 16 dB main lobe to back lobe level ratio in [14] using a large-dimensions leaky-wave antenna. With the aid of coaxial feeding [15], the ARBW improved to 6% but with large back radiation whose main lobe to back lobe level ratio approaches 3 dB. In addition to the polarization diversity, when the circularly polarized wave reflects from any surface, it undergoes a reversal in the direction of the rotation [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Element and MIMO Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas with Negligible Back Radiation for 5G Mid-Band Handsets

Alnahwi

Al‐Yasir

See

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In this paper, single-element and MIMO microstrip antenna with two pairs of unequal slits is proposed as a circularly polarized antenna with negligible back radiation for 5G mid-band handsets. The unequal pairs of slits are engraved on the antenna patch to guarantee the presence of the circular polarization (CP). The proximity-coupled feeding technique is used to excite the proposed microstrip antenna in order to provide larger antenna −10 dB bandwidth which approaches 10.8% (3.48–3.87 GHz). A novel analysis technique is proposed in this paper that demonstrates the 3D axial ratio pattern in order to generate CP in the broadside direction without affecting the structure of the ground plane which ensures weak back radiation. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is found to be equal to 4.1% extended along the range (3.58–3.73 GHz). To make the design more compatible with the 5G mid-band handsets, the 2 × 2 MIMO structure of the proposed antenna with reduced mutual coupling (less than −20 dB) is also presented in this work. The simulation and measured results are in good agreement, and both verify the CP characteristics and the weak back radiation of the proposed antenna.

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Designed Circularly Polarized Two-Port Microstrip MIMO Antenna for WLAN Applications

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

MIMO Antennas: Design Approaches, Techniques and Applications

MIMO Antennas: Design Approaches, Techniques and Applications

A Compact Broadband Circularly Polarized Wide-Slot Antenna With Axial Ratio Bandwidth Encompassing LTE 42 and LTE 43 Standards of 5G Mid-Band

Single-Element and MIMO Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas with Negligible Back Radiation for 5G Mid-Band Handsets

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