Designing an Energy Storage System Fuzzy PID Controller for Microgrid Islanded Operation

Abstract

Abstract:Recently, interest in microgrids, which are composed of distributed generation (DG), distributed storage (DS), and loads, has been growing as a potentially effective clean energy system to mitigate against climate change. The microgrid is operated in the grid-connected mode and the islanded mode according to the conditions of the upstream power grid. The role of the energy storage system (ESS) is especially important to maintain constant the frequency and voltage of an islanded microgrid. For this reason, various approaches for ESS control have been put forth. In this paper, a fuzzy PID controller is proposed to improve the frequency control performance of the ESS. This fuzzy PID controller consists of a fuzzy logic controller and a conventional PI controller, connected in series. The fuzzy logic controller has two input signals, and then the output signal of the fuzzy logic controller is the input signal of the conventional PI controller. For comparison of control performance, gains of each PI controller and fuzzy PID controller are tuned by the particle swam optimization (PSO) algorithm. In the simulation study, the control performance of the fuzzy PID was also tested under various operating conditions using the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform.

A Review on Battery Charging and Discharging Control Strategies: Application to Renewable Energy Systems

“…Contrary to [59], Haoran et al [60] took into account the SOC of the BESS as an input to the FLC, where FLC adjusts the active power output of the BESS and the microgrid active power flow. Arcos-Aviles et al [67] divided their strategy into two stages: at the first stage, minimizing the power peaks and fluctuations in the grid's power profile and maintaining the lead-acid battery SOC above 70%; at the second stage, performing an offline optimization process based on a set of evaluation quality criteria [67].…”

“…This approach allowed them to lower the battery temperature by about four degrees. Kim et al [59] proposed a fuzzy proportional integral derivate (PID) controller to improve performance of the frequency control of an islanded microgrid. The control strategy consisted of first, controlling the BESS, and secondly, controlling the energy management system [60].…”

“…The control strategy consisted of first, controlling the BESS, and secondly, controlling the energy management system [60]. The control is composed of FLC and a conventional proportional integral (PI) controller, connected in series [59]. The gains of the conventional PI …”

Optimization and Analysis of a Hybrid Energy Storage System in a Small-Scale Standalone Microgrid for Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS)

“…The former has a large storage capacity and short life cycle, while the latter has a large power density, fast response and long life cycle. In recent years, energy-type energy storage devices have been commonly used in standalone microgrids including renewable energy generation [6][7][8][9][10], but the face the challenge of large fluctuation in charge-discharge power, and even the challenge of frequent switching between charge-discharge status. This will accelerate the life loss of energy-type energy storage systems which are sensitive to the charge-discharge process, and severely degrade their performance.…”

Islanding Detection Method of a Photovoltaic Power Generation System Based on a CMAC Neural Network

“…Therefore, additional islanding detection methods are required for terminating islanding operations under these circumstances. Conventional islanding detection methods can be divided into passive and active detection methods [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Passive detection methods primarily monitor the voltages, frequencies, and phases at the load-end to identify the occurrence of islanding operations, and include the phase jump detection method [5], voltage harmonic detection method [6], power changing rate detection method [7], and passive grid impedance measurement method [8].…”