Designing and Managing a Smart Parking System Using Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

For several years, the population of cities has continued to multiply at a rapid pace. The main cause of this phenomenon in developing countries like Morocco is the rural exodus. In fact, rural youth are increasingly attracted by the modern way of life and the opportunities of employment offered by cities. This increase in population density has a large number of negative effects on the quality of life in the city. The most obvious is the intensity of the traffic, which has become an almost insurmountable problem and which causes a great deal of damage, such as the increase in the number of accidents that cause serious bodily harm to the road users, the pollution caused by the large amount of CO 2 released by the vehicles, and the continuous stress of drivers who must drive in often narrow and very busy roads and who must look for a long time to find a space to park. Thus, to solve the parking problem, several modern technologies have been created to equip car parks with smart devices that help road users identify the nearest car park that has a free space. These technologies most often use wireless sensor networks and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In this paper, we present the design and development of a smart parking system using the latest technologies based on wireless sensor networks (WSN). Our system uses an adaptable and hybrid self-organization algorithm for wireless sensor networks that adapts to all types of car parks existing in the city (linear and mass parking), and offers a better management of the energy consumption during the wireless communication to increase the lifetime of the sensor nodes and the longevity of the WSN. This system also offers innovative services which facilitate the task to the drivers when looking for an available parking space in the city near their destination, in a fast and efficient manner.

An Interdisciplinary Review of Smart Vehicular Traffic and Its Applications and Challenges

“…Its effects are amplified by the additional traffic congestion that it provokes, which in turn amounts to supplemental waste for other drivers. By aggregating sensors into self-organizing WSNs, assistance to drivers can be provided, effectively searching for available parking spots nearby, while at the same time saving energy and prolonging the battery lifetime of sensors [67]. With smart parking, arriving and departing times of different cars are traced all over the city.…”

Unauthorized Vehicle Parking Detection and Auto-Locking using an Arduino and a Relay

“…In the event that as far as possible surpasses the given time, the notice will be sent to the driver. Adil Hilmani, et.al [3] exhibited the structure and advancement of a shrewd stopping framework utilizing something like date innovations utilizing remote sensor system.…”

A Review of Routing Protocol Selection for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

“…Additionally, the concept of a smart parking system has also been proposed, whose operational mechanism renders it to be categorized under the umbrella of mobility based protocols. It makes use of a self-organizing algorithm that focuses on energy saving of the sensor nodes during the data communication phase [30]. Moreover, it may also be utilized to assist the drivers in the city towards the closest vacant parking based on optimal path calculation on the fly.…”