Designing Atomic Interfaces in Chalcogenides for Boosting Photocatalysis

Abstract

Interface has long been a critical issue in the fields of solar cells, [1] light-emitting devices, [2] solid-state batteries, [3] photocatalysis, [4] and any other involving multiphase systems. [5] Early perceptions of interfaces seem to be limited to differences in phases. With the rapid development of nanoscience, the definition of interface begins to develop from macroscale to micro/nanoscale perspective. [6] From the shape type (pointed, linear, and planar) to the comprehensive properties of thickness, composition, and stability, interface is gradually being deeper understood. [7] No exception, the characteristics of solid-solid and solid-liquid interfaces are absolutely crucial for energy conversion in photocatalysis, [8] where surface redox reactions are economically driven by photogenerated carriers.Photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful platform for solar energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. [9] In this way, the far-flung but intermittent solar energy has a sustainable window to output. During typical photocatalysis progress, semiconductors with suitable band structures serve as light absorbers and then convert solar energy into energy carried in charge carriers after complicated light-matter interactions. [10] Ultimate deployments, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction, generation of clean hydrogen (H 2 ) energy, pollutant degradation, disinfection, nitrogen fixation, and artificial photosynthesis, are expected to bring feasible solutions to the current-deteriorating global environment and energy apprehensions. [11] Obviously, the utilization of a mono bare component is restricted since it is so far impossible to integrate all the favorable factors required for photocatalysis. Long-term exploration has witnessed hybridization standing out among enlightened strategies aimed at broadening light absorption, improving charge separation efficiency,