Desigualdades sociais e alimentação complementar na América Latina e no Caribe

Abstract

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o papel das desigualdades sociais nos padrões de alimentação complementar nos países da América Latina e do Caribe. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico que utilizou dados agregados de inquéritos de base populacional. A unidade de análise da pesquisa foram 16 países da América Latina e do Caribe com informações disponíveis. Foram selecionados como desfechos a prevalência dos seguintes indicadores de alimentação complementar: introdução alimentar de alimentos sólidos, semissólidos e pastosos” (IASSP), “diversidade alimentar mínima” (DAM), “frequência alimentar mínima” (FAM) e “alimentação mínima aceitável” (AMA). As diferenças da prevalência dos indicadores entre os quintis de riqueza mais ricos e mais pobres foram calculadas de forma absoluta e relativa. Comparando os quatro indicadores de alimentação complementar, o IASSP teve o melhor desempenho, com 10 países, entre os 11 avaliados, apresentando prevalência acima de 80%. O indicador com pior desempenho foi o AMA, com apenas um país, entre os oito avaliados, com prevalências acima de 60%. Na quase totalidade dos países, a população mais pobre possuía prevalências de indicadores de alimentação complementar menores que os mais ricos.

Minimum dietary diversity and consumption of ultra-processed foods among Brazilian children 6-23 months of age

“…Considering 11 countries from Latin America and the Caribbean, the prevalence of MDD varied from 25.4% to 72.9%. Brazil is situated in an intermediate position, with the prevalence of MDD (63.4%) being higher than that of Haiti (25.4%), Guyana (40.3%), Paraguay (52.1%), Dominican Republic (51.3%), Belize (57.8%), Honduras (60.7%), and Guatemala (62.8%), but lower than that of Mexico (69.4%), Bolivia (70.5%), and El Salvador (72.9%) 36 .…”

Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for Infants in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review

“…It is also important to note that a large part/most of the FBDGs found come from South America, which has a pioneering history in caring for nutritional health and food security in Latin America and the Caribbean [ 37 ]. In the geographical context of Latin America and the Caribbean, challenges arising from coloniality still foster a scenario of striking social inequalities, translated into social determinants [ 13 , 64 ]. In complementary feeding, this impact can be understood through indicators of feeding and socioeconomic indices [ 13 ].…”

“…In the geographical context of Latin America and the Caribbean, challenges arising from coloniality still foster a scenario of striking social inequalities, translated into social determinants [ 13 , 64 ]. In complementary feeding, this impact can be understood through indicators of feeding and socioeconomic indices [ 13 ]. Studies and reports show a relationship between income disparity and the prevalence of minimum acceptable feeding and minimum acceptable diversity in the populations of these countries [ 13 , 65 ].…”

“…In complementary feeding, this impact can be understood through indicators of feeding and socioeconomic indices [ 13 ]. Studies and reports show a relationship between income disparity and the prevalence of minimum acceptable feeding and minimum acceptable diversity in the populations of these countries [ 13 , 65 ]. Understanding that food introduction guidelines must be supported by intersectoral health and income strategies is key, as food security and the right to food are inseparable from the right to income.…”

“…Several studies have reviewed the status of the development and implementation of FBDGs by various countries in recent years [ 1 , 6 , 11 , 12 ]. Nevertheless, there is a notable absence of studies on the specific population of children under two years old, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean [ 1 , 5 , 6 , 13 ]. This research aims to review the FBDGs directed toward the population under two years old that are available in Latin America and the Caribbean and to evaluate how their guidelines align with current health, sustainability, and social participation needs.…”