Destructive and Nondestructive Tests for Concrete Containing a Various Types of Fibers

Abstract

Fibers have been considered an effective material that was used to improve the concrete's weak properties, namely its tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance. Thus, the current study highlights two major objective, the former is the fibers shapes and types on the mechanical properties of the fresh and hardened concrete while the latter explores the impact of the fiber contents on the concrete mechanical properties developments. To achieve these targets six types of fibers (five of them made of steel and the last was polyolefin fibers) with various shapes are utilized. The tests were carried out to investigate the fibers shape and material contribution in the concrete mix properties improvement. The samples were subjected to destructive and non-destructive tests such as workability, compression, bending, and splitting. The non-destructive tests include ultrasonic pulse velocities and the Schmidt Hammer test. Three kinds of fibers (two of steel and one of polyolefin fiber) are used with variable content ratios of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5% to study the fiber content effect. Generally, the workability of fresh concrete has a reverse relationship with fiber presence and fiber content ratios. The compressive capacity, splitting and flexural strength has a direct proportion with fibers contents. The hooked steel fibers appeared the best results in terms of shape comparison. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-11-07 Full Text: PDF

The savior in Indian religions

“…"Oshidar", Hoshidarmah "Oshidarmah", astut his will) [35] , and that there is a thousand years between each Savior of them, and that the most important of them is the third promised Savior and they call him "Sushyant the Victorious". The world of light is saved from the world of darkness, so souls are stripped of bodies, so creatures enjoy immortality free from diseases and evils, and the Zoroastrian narrations mention that he is the son of Zoroaster of Havuni, his third wife, as she is the spiritual mother of their third savior, and that he descends from his parents through spiritual reproduction, so they are waiting His birth is from one of the lakes, and they mentioned signs that preceded his coming, saying: "When the estrangement has occurred between the father and his son, and the barrenness has spread, the rain does not fall, and the trees do not give fruit" [36] , so the third savior comes and fixes the conditions, and saves the world from the shadows Then the ~138~ rule of Ahuramazda will prevail and be destroyed Pomegranate »and his followers, and that the emergence of the first and second saviors is nothing but a prelude and preparation for the third and final appearance of the savior. The three stages of salvation in Zoroastrian thought are complementary to each other, although the third stage is the most complete and final.…”

Punching Shear Characterization of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs

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