Detection and dissolution of needle-like hydroxyapatite nanomaterials in infant formula

Schoepf, Jared; Bi, Yuqiang; Kidd, Justin; Herckès, Pierre; Hristovski, Kiril; Westerhoff, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.impact.2016.12.007

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These aggregates can diverge markedly from spherical shapes and may even form highly branched or fractal structures, thereby fundamentally affecting transport properties and reactivities. Rates of particle dissolution, although known or experimentally measurable for many pure-phase nanomaterials in a welldispersed state (11,21), are challenging to predict for complex nanomaterial aggregates that have substantial internal surface areas with limited accessibility (22). Furthermore, these physical associations change as the nanomaterials encounter and transition through different local environments.…”

Section: Fundamental Properties Of Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

Hochella

Mogk

Ranville

et al. 2019

Science

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582

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Nanomaterials are critical components in the Earth system’s past, present, and future characteristics and behavior. They have been present since Earth’s origin in great abundance. Life, from the earliest cells to modern humans, has evolved in intimate association with naturally occurring nanomaterials. This synergy began to shift considerably with human industrialization. Particularly since the Industrial Revolution some two-and-a-half centuries ago, incidental nanomaterials (produced unintentionally by human activity) have been continuously produced and distributed worldwide. In some areas, they now rival the amount of naturally occurring nanomaterials. In the past half-century, engineered nanomaterials have been produced in very small amounts relative to the other two types of nanomaterials, but still in large enough quantities to make them a consequential component of the planet. All nanomaterials, regardless of their origin, have distinct chemical and physical properties throughout their size range, clearly setting them apart from their macroscopic equivalents and necessitating careful study. Following major advances in experimental, computational, analytical, and field approaches, it is becoming possible to better assess and understand all types and origins of nanomaterials in the Earth system. It is also now possible to frame their immediate and long-term impact on environmental and human health at local, regional, and global scales.

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Section: Fundamental Properties Of Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

Hochella

Mogk

Ranville

et al. 2019

Science

Self Cite

582

354

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“…Many foods contain organic or inorganic nanosize particles, which may be present naturally in the food itself [ 1 , 2 ], be unintentionally generated during food processesing, or be introduced from the environment or packaging materials [ 3 – 7 , 2 ]. Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are also often added to commercial food products intentionally, exploiting the unique or enhanced properties of nanoscale particles relative to their larger counterparts in order to improve food quality, sensory appeal, shelf life or safety [ 8 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated methodology for assessing the impact of food matrix and gastrointestinal effects on the biokinetics and cellular toxicity of ingested engineered nanomaterials

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEngineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly added to foods to improve their quality, sensory appeal, safety and shelf-life. Human exposure to these ingested ENMs (iENMS) is inevitable, yet little is known of their hazards. To assess potential hazards, efficient in vitro methodologies are needed to evaluate particle biokinetics and toxicity. These methodologies must account for interactions and transformations of iENMs in foods (food matrix effect) and in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that are likely to determine nano-biointeractions. Here we report the development and application of an integrated methodology consisting of three interconnected stages: 1) assessment of iENM-food interactions (food matrix effect) using model foods; 2) assessment of gastrointestinal transformations of the nano-enabled model foods using a three-stage GIT simulator; 3) assessment of iENMs biokinetics and cellular toxicity after exposure to simulated GIT conditions using a triculture cell model. As a case study, a model food (corn oil-in-water emulsion) was infused with Fe2O3 (Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide) ENMs and processed using this three-stage integrated platform to study the impact of food matrix and GIT effects on nanoparticle biokinetics and cytotoxicity .MethodsA corn oil in phosphate buffer emulsion was prepared using a high speed blender and high pressure homogenizer. Iron oxide ENM was dispersed in water by sonication and combined with the food model. The resulting nano-enabled food was passed through a three stage (mouth, stomach and small intestine) GIT simulator. Size distributions of nano-enabled food model and digestae at each stage were analyzed by DLS and laser diffraction. TEM and confocal imaging were used to assess morphology of digestae at each phase. Dissolution of Fe2O3 ENM along the GIT was assessed by ICP-MS analysis of supernatants and pellets following centrifugation of digestae. An in vitro transwell triculture epithelial model was used to assess biokinetics and toxicity of ingested Fe2O3 ENM. Translocation of Fe2O3 ENM was determined by ICP-MS analysis of cell lysates and basolateral compartment fluid over time.ResultsIt was demonstrated that the interactions of iENMs with food and GIT components influenced nanoparticle fate and transport, biokinetics and toxicological profile. Large differences in particle size, charge, and morphology were observed in the model food with and without Fe2O3 and among digestae from different stages of the simulated GIT (mouth, stomach, and small intestine). Immunoflorescence and TEM imaging of the cell culture model revealed markers and morphology of small intestinal epithelium including enterocytes, goblet cells and M cells. Fe2O3 was not toxic at concentrations tested in the digesta. In biokinetics studies, translocation of Fe2O3 after 4 h was <1% and ~2% for digesta with and without serum, respectively, suggesting that use of serum proteins alters iENMs biokinetics and raises concerns about commonly-used approaches that neglect iENM – food-GIT interact...

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“…Delving deeper into the mechanistic study showed that the nano‐TiO 2 induced the EMT progression in colon cell through activation of TGF‐β and wingless (Wnt) pathways. We also identified other nanoparticles commonly used by food industry like silica nanoparticles (nano‐SiO 2 ) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (nano‐HA) which consumers could be ingesting for protracted periods of time, as inducers of the EMT process. The implications of our findings can be dire for many patients' (known and unknown) cases of colon cancer, as dietary nanoparticles may induce to hasten or even initiate the lethal cancer metastatic process toward the endothelium and thereafter other tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano‐TiO₂ Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells

Setyawati

Sevencan

Bay

et al. 2018

Small

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The majority of cancer mortality is associated with cancer metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which cells attain migratory and invasive properties, eventually leading to cancer metastasis. Here, it is shown that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO ), a common food additive, can induce the EMT process in colorectal cancer cells. Nano-TiO exposure is observed to activate transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and wingless (Wnt) pathways, and drive the EMT process. Similarly, silica nanoparticles (nano-SiO ) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HA), as food-based additives, can be ingested and accumulated in the stomach, and are found to be able to induce the EMT progression. The implication of this work can be profound for colorectal cancer patients where these food additives may unknowingly and unnecessarily hasten the progression of their cancers.

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Detection and dissolution of needle-like hydroxyapatite nanomaterials in infant formula

Abstract: 20The unknowns surrounding presence, composition and transformations during the use 21 phase of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in consumer products raises potential human and 22

Cited by 34 publications

References 55 publications

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

An integrated methodology for assessing the impact of food matrix and gastrointestinal effects on the biokinetics and cellular toxicity of ingested engineered nanomaterials

Nano‐TiO₂ Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells

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Detection and dissolution of needle-like hydroxyapatite nanomaterials in infant formula

Abstract: 20The unknowns surrounding presence, composition and transformations during the use 21 phase of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in consumer products raises potential human and 22

Cited by 34 publications

References 55 publications

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

Natural, incidental, and engineered nanomaterials and their impacts on the Earth system

An integrated methodology for assessing the impact of food matrix and gastrointestinal effects on the biokinetics and cellular toxicity of ingested engineered nanomaterials

Nano‐TiO2 Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells

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Nano‐TiO₂ Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells