C oronary artery disease (CAD), which causes more than 20 million deaths each year, is the world's leading cause of morbidity and death.1,2 Most patients with CAD have many coronary obstructions that are in varying degrees of progression and that pose different risks.3-6 Therefore, understanding the progression of coronary plaque would help physicians make more informed decisions about whether and how to treat patients at risk for CAD.In clinical studies, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has traditionally been used to investigate the composition and progression of coronary plaques in the proximal or mid segments of one or 2 major coronary vessels. 7,8 However, it is not appropriate for routine serial evaluations because it carries a small risk of severe procedural complications. In contrast, computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is less expensive and noninvasive. Advances in computed tomographic (CT) technology and post-imageprocessing techniques have made it possible not only to detect stenosis with coronary CTA, but also to use it to quantitatively analyze coronary plaques. [9][10][11][12][13] In recent years, a few serial studies with CTA have appeared in the literature, 14-17 but most of them have focused on lesions in diseased segments of the coronary tree. Our objective in this study was to use CTA to examine the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis along the full length of the right coronary artery (RCA) tree and to investigate serial changes in the minimum luminal area (MLA), plaque burden (PB), plaque volume (PV), and arterial remodeling.
Patients and MethodsTwenty-one patients treated at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2010 through 2013 were studied retrospectively (Table I). Inclusion criteria were as follows: age >18 years, availability of 2 coronary CTA scans taken >6 months apart, and diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) during the initial physical examination. Exclusion criteria included previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to the RCA or coronary artery bypass grafting, severe valvular heart disease, irregular heart rhythm, renal fail-