Detection of Biothiols Using Some Novel Chemosensors: An Overview

Abstract

Abstract:: Thiol-containing amino acids and peptides play crucial roles in many physiological processses. For example, Cysteine (Cys) and Homocysteine (Hcy) are considered to be related to a number of health disorders such as renal failure, AIDS, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, neutral tube defects, and coronary heart disease. Glutathione (GSH), an important tripeptide with a thiol group, performs vital biological functions that are in-volved in combating oxidative stress and maintaining redox homeostasis. Cysteine also plays important roles in our bodies as an antioxidant, a metal cofactor binder in enzymes, and a protein structure stabilizer by disulfide bond formation in the proteins. Hcy are involved in cellular growth and GSH in redox homeostasis. Hence, the rapid, sensitive, and selective de-tection of such biothiols is of considerable importance and significant interest. Different fluorescent chemosensors have been introduced to develop and improve the detection techniques and accuracy of these biothiols. In this review article we have presented some research works to show a guiding principle for the design of effective chemosensors which are highly sensitive and selective for the detection of particular a group of biothiols in aqueous medium. In line with these develop-ments, the researchers have developed novel chemosensors that signal binding events of these above mentioned biothiols through their optical properties. The binding mechanism and properties have also been established with different theoretical studies. Their applications in the form of colorimetric kit, logic gates, live cell imaging, and quantification from different bi-ological samples have also been developed.

Theoretical Investigation of a Coumarin Fluorescent Probe for Distinguishing the Detection of Small-Molecule Biothiols

“…At present, the main methods for the detection and analysis of active sulfur species (RSS) include the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method, the colorimetric method, mass spectrometry, electrochemical analysis, capillary electrophoresis, and fluorescence analysis [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Theoretical investigation on a simple turn on fluorescent probe for detection of biothiols based on coumarin unit

“…In 2019, Song's research group constructed the first case of a fluorescent probe that can detect Cys, Hcy, GSH, and H 2 S simultaneously within four light-emitting channels (Zhang et al, 2019). Along with the continuous progress of the design concept, the study of fluorescent probes with the ability to detect biothiols simultaneously has become a hot topic in biological and medical field (Raut and Sahoo, 2021;Ding et al, 2023a;Du et al, 2023;Kaushik et al, 2023;Shellaiah and Sun, 2023;Zhang et al, 2023).…”