Detection of infectious hepatitis A virus in blood factor concentrates by experimental infection of the New World primate Saguinus fuscicollis

Bodemer, Walter; Zedler, Uta; Makoschey, B.; Hunsmann, G

doi:10.1097/00001721-199506002-00008

Cited by 3 publications

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“…A callitrichid, which is also widely used in research is the saddle-back tamarin, Saguinusfuscicollis (S$) (e.g., biomedicine: [ 131, virology: [2], ecology: [ 111, ethology: [9], semiochemistry: [8], morphology: [27], and reproductive physiology [7,18]). This species is slightly larger than the marmoset [ 1,271 and compared to the latter has a slightly longer gestation length (150 days vs. 142 days; [18,35]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic and hormonal monitoring of pregnancy in the saddle back tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis

Kuederling

Heistermann

1997

J of Medical Primatology

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Ultrasonography was used in six saddle back tamarin females (Saguinus fuscicollis) to diagnose pregnancy, monitor the patterns of uterine growth and embryonic/foetal development and examine the incidence loss of single embryos/foetuses. Pregnancy was reliably diagnosed 17 days after conception, 10 days earlier than by plasma progesterone measurement. The patterns of uterine and embryonic/foetal growth paralleled those reported for the common marmoset, including a delay in embryonic development. The results support the hypothesis of retardation of organogenesis in most callitrichid species. Individual embryos could be reliably identified from day 50 of pregnancy; a loss of single embryos/foetuses after this stage did not occur. All pregnancies were carried to term, resulting in five times twins and one singleton. The smaller litter size compared to the common marmoset may be due to loss of single embryos at earlier stages of pregnancy or to a lower ovulation rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic and hormonal monitoring of pregnancy in the saddle back tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis

Kuederling

Heistermann

1997

J of Medical Primatology

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“…So far, there have been no reports of successful in vivo or in vitro infectivity experiments with PCRpositive factor VIII preparations [Bodemer et al, 1995;Johnson et al, 1995]. This may be explained by the very low virus load in the factor VIII lot, which could result in an uneven distribution of viruses in individual vials of the final product, and by the wide discrepancy between a virus titer calculated by PCR and a titer measured by infectivity assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequence identity of HAV complementary DNA (cDNA) in factor VIII lots and hemophilic recipients treated with these lots was demonstrated only in some cases [Mannucci et al, 1994;Kedda et al, 1995;Anonymous, 1996]. However, in other studies, molecular data were inconclusive and animal infectivity experiments have been negative [Bodemer et al, 1995;Johnson et al, 1995].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cluster of hepatitis A infection in hemophiliacs traced to a contaminated plasma pool

et al. 1999

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Recently, several clusters of hepatitis A have been observed among hemophiliacs linked to factor VIII concentrates treated for virus inactivation solely with the solvent/detergent (S/D) method, a procedure that does not affect nonenveloped viruses such as the hepatitis A virus (HAV). A new outbreak of hepatitis A in six hemophiliacs treated with the same lot of a factor VIII preparation occurred recently in Germany. The objective of the study was to clarify whether these diseases were caused by the administration of the S/D-treated plasma product, rather than a community-acquired infection. Polymerase chain reactions designed to detect HAV nucleic acid have been carried out in the implicated factor VIII lots, in the corresponding plasma pools, and in serum samples of four out of six infected individuals. The nucleic acid sequences were determined in samples that resulted in positive amplification products. HAV sequences were found in one of the two plasma pools used for manufacture of the incriminated product, in the incriminated lot itself, and in all recipient sera tested so far, although the latter were collected up to 7 weeks after the onset of jaundice. The sequences obtained were completely identical, revealing a unique HAV strain of genotype IA. This study provides conclusive evidence that hepatitis A can be transmitted by factor VIII concentrates treated solely by the S/D procedure for virus inactivation. This inactivation method is not effective against nonenveloped viruses. Since a number of hepatitis A transmission episodes have been described with such preparations during the past 10 years, their continued use seems to be questionable unless additional virus removal or inactivation steps are introduced to prevent the transmission of nonenveloped viruses. Molecular approaches again proved to be reliable tools for elucidating the chain of virus transmission.

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Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Tamarins: Experimental Transmission via Contaminated Factor VIII Concentrates

et al. 2002

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An experimental hepatitis A virus (HAV) transmission study was performed in 3 tamarins, using a factor VIII concentrate linked to a recent outbreak of HAV infections in German hemophiliacs. The typical indicators for HAV infection were investigated in feces and serum samples. One tamarin showed a classical HAV infection with seroconversion. HAV antigen and HAV RNA were detected in feces of a second animal, but no seroconversion was observed until 19 weeks after inoculation. The HAV sequences from the reverse-transcription- and polymerase chain reaction-positive samples of the 2 animals were identical to the deduced HAV sequences of the chain of infection (from plasma pool to final product to patients). The study results provide conclusive evidence of the presence of infectious HAV in coagulation factor concentrate. Because a number of HAV transmission episodes have been described for solely solvent/detergent-treated factor VIII preparations, continued use of these agents seems questionable.

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Detection of infectious hepatitis A virus in blood factor concentrates by experimental infection of the New World primate Saguinus fuscicollis

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasonographic and hormonal monitoring of pregnancy in the saddle back tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis

Ultrasonographic and hormonal monitoring of pregnancy in the saddle back tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis

A new cluster of hepatitis A infection in hemophiliacs traced to a contaminated plasma pool

Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Tamarins: Experimental Transmission via Contaminated Factor VIII Concentrates

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