Detection of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria simultaneously producing extended-spectrum -lactamases of the PER and GES types isolated at Saint Camille Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Resistance to a wide variety of common antibiotics is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. These produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of this work was to identify resistance genes in enterobacterial strains. Gramnegative bacilli resistant to at least one third-generation cephalosporin, aztreonam or showing a synergy image between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and a third generation cephalosporin were isolated during an antibiogram. Antibiotic resistance was detected for the following antibiotics: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime and Aztreonam. Classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyzes of Pseudomonas extended resistance (PER) and Guiana extended-spectrum (GES) β-lactamase genes were performed using specific primers in 60 ESBL-producing isolates. Among 250 strains of Gram negative bacilli collected, 60 strains (24%) showed resistance to antibiotics used. Stool samples are a major source of ESBL producers. The highest prevalence of resistant strains (35%) was observed in Escherichia coli. The GES and PER genes were simultaneously detected at a proportion of 13.33%. This study represents the first detection of PER and GES genes in multidrug-resistant enterobacteria in Burkina Faso.

Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes bla SHV, bla TOHO and bla NDM in Pathogenic Gram-Negative Bacilli at the Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center

“…In the present study we detected the bla NDM, bla SHV and bla TOHO genes in clinical strains of Gramnegative bacilli isolated from urocultures or stool cultures at CERBA, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Most of the resistant strains 78.38% (29/37) in the present study were isolated from urine like previous studies by our research team in Burkina Faso [19,20] and Togo [22,24]. The uropathogenic species were mainly E. coli (59.46%) and Klebsiella sp (32.43%).…”

“…Third generation cephalosporin (C3G) resistance rates of 45.9%, 43.24% and 37.84% were recorded for Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, respectively, in the present study. High resistance to C3G has also been reported in previous studies in Burkina Faso [19][20][21], Togo [23,24,32] and Nigeria [33]. Drug pressure in hospitals, poor compliance with treatments as well as the abusive use of antibiotics sometimes without medical prescriptions constitute the main factors in the emergence and spread of multiresistant pathogens [33].…”

“…The coexistence of the bla TOHO and bla SHV genes was found in 26.08% of the strains in our study with 13.04% of E. coli and 8.70% of Klebsiella sp. Mètuor-Dabiré et al [19] reported the coexistence of the bla TOHO and bla BES genes in Escherichia coli (34.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.9%) at Saint Camille hospital in Ouagadougou. The coexistence of the bla SHV and bla NDM genes as well as bla TOHO and bla NDM was demonstrated in 30.43% and 17.39% of the isolates in our study.…”

“…), a multi-resistance which strongly limits therapeutic options [2]. Previous studies have highlighted several ESBL producing and multi-resistant bacterial strains in Burkina Faso [17][18][19][20][21], Togo and [22][23][24] and Niger [25]. The present study aims to detect the coexistence of bla genes.…”

Multi-resistance to carbapenems by the production of Imipenemase (IMP)-types carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacilli in Burkina Faso

“…In Africa, IMP enzymes had been in Egypt (Masoud et al, 2021;Benmahmod et al, 2019;Abbas et al, 2019), Morocco (Barguigua et al, 2013), Tunisia (Chouchani et al, 2011;Dziri et al, 2020), Tanzania (Mushi et al, 2014) and Sudan (Adam and Elhag, 2018). In Burkina Faso, most of the studies were much focused on ESBLproducing Enterobacteriaceae which occurs resistant to beta-lactam (Metuor Dabire et al, 2013;Metuor et al, 2019a;Metuor Dabire et al, 2019b;Tiemtore et al, 2022) at the expense of carbapenemases, mainly MBL despite the threat they represent for heath care. Nevertheless, previous studies (Sanou et al, 2020;Dembele et al, 2021;Kabore et al, 2022Kabore et al, , 2023 have reported resistance to carbapenems in GNB by the production of carbapenemases.…”