Detection of petrol adulteration using TiO2-coated etched clad based FBG sensor

Abstract

This paper presented a sensitivity analysis of petrol adulteration. The benzene and xylene are mainly used as adulterants in petrol because of their low cost and easy miscibility. In comparison to traditional methods, the proposed etched fiber Bragg grating (eFBG) sensor is able to detect up to low-level adulteration efficiently when coated with a TiO2 layer. Adulteration in benzene-petrol and xylene-petrol is detected using concentration mixing with 10% increments in each case. The experimental outcomes of sensitivity and Bragg wavelength shifting were studied. TiO2-coated eFBG sensors achieved the sensitivities of 6.2 nm/RIU and 5.6 nm/RIU, which is 7% and 5% enhanced as compared to bare eFBG sensors in the case of benzene-petrol and xylene-petrol, respectively. This type of sensor is well-suited for on-road use in real-time.

Smart Targeted Delivery Systems for Enhancing Antitumor Therapy of Active Ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine

“…In summary, compared with SLNs, NLCs add liquid lipid materials into solid lipid carrier materials, which increases the degree of crystal disorder of carrier materials, increases the loading space of drugs, and reduces drug leakage [53,54]. Therefore, NLCs have an improved drug-carrying capacity and are less likely to have drug leakage during storage.…”