Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk

Groß, Rüdiger; Conzelmann, Carina; Müller, Janis A.; Stenger, Steffen; Steinhart, Karin; Kirchhoff, Frank; Münch, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31181-8

Cited by 347 publications

(376 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in one case only (subject n.1), who was a severe case. This is consistent with what previously reported 28 . However, further studies are required to assess whether this represents an infectious and replicative virus or not.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

Fenizia

Biasin

Cetin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Pregnancy is known to increase the risk of severe illnesses in response to viral infections. Therefore, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestational ages might be detrimental and the potential vertical transmission should be thoroughly studied.Herein, we investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission is possible and, in case, whether this results in a fetal involvement. Additionally, we analyzed the role of the antibody and the inflammatory responses in placenta and plasma from SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women and fetuses.31 SARS-CoV-2 pregnant women were enrolled. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the virus on maternal and newborns’ nasopharyngeal swabs, vaginal swabs, maternal and umbilical cord plasma, placenta and umbilical cord biopsies, amniotic fluids and milk. Maternal and umbilical cord plasma, and milk were tested for specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. RNA expression quantification of genes involved in the inflammatory response was performed on four selected placentas. On maternal and umbilical cord plasma of the same subjects, secreted cytokines/chemokines were quantified.SARS-CoV-2 is found in at-term placentae and in the umbilical cord blood, in the vaginal mucosa of pregnant women and in milk. Furthermore, we report the presence of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in the umbilical cord blood of pregnant women, as well as in milk specimens. Finally, a specific inflammatory response is triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women at both systemic and placental level, and in umbilical cord blood plasma.Our data strongly support the hypothesis that in-utero vertical transmission is possible in SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women. This is essential for defining proper obstetric management of COVID-19 pregnant women, or putative indications for mode and timing of delivery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

Fenizia

Biasin

Cetin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…There is also limited data to guide the postnatal management of babies of mothers who tested positive for COVID-19 in the third trimester of pregnancy. Currently, possibility of infection from breast milk remain uncertain although there is recent evidence to suggest a small risk of transmission through breast feeding [37][38][39]. As breast feeding requires close contact, direct breast feeding may be of concern in infected mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitude and perceptions towards COVID-19 among pregnant women in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey

Lee

Loy

Yang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background COVID-19 may predispose pregnant women to higher risks of severe disease and poorer neonatal outcome. Psychological sequalae of this pandemic may pose a greater conundrum than its clinical aspects. It is currently unknown that how pregnant women cope with this global pandemic and its ramifications. The aims of the study are to understand the attitude and perceptions of non-infected pregnant women towards the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore. Methods An online cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 awareness among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Singapore was conducted. An internet link was provided to complete an online electronic survey on Google platform using a quick response (QR) code on mobile devices. The online survey consists of 34 questions that were categorized into 4 main sections, namely 1) social demographics 2) attitude on safe distancing measures 3) precaution practices and 4) perceptions of COVID-19. Results A total of 167 survey responses were obtained over eight weeks from April to June 2020. The majority of women were aged ≤35 years (76%, n=127), were of Chinese ethnicity (55%, n=91), attained tertiary education (62%, n=104) and were not working as frontline staff (70%). Using multiple linear regression models, Malay ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.24; 95% CI 0.04, 0.44) was associated with higher frequency of practicing social distancing. Malay women (β 0.48; 95% CI 0.16, 0.80) and those who worked as frontline staff (β 0.28; 95% CI 0.01, 0.56) sanitized their hands at higher frequencies. Age of ≥36 years (vs. ≤30 years, β 0.24; 95% CI 0.01, 0.46), Malay (vs. Chinese, β 0.27; 95% CI 0.06, 0.48) and Indian ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.41; 95% CI 0.02, 0.80), and attendance at high-risk clinic (vs. general clinic, β 0.20; 95% CI 0.01, 0.39) were associated with higher frequency of staying-at-home.Conclusion It is important for clinicians to render appropriate counselling and focused clarification on the effect of COVID-19 among pregnant women for psychological support and mental wellbeing.

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“…Das Virus wurde in Muttermilch bislang in einem Fall in China [55] und jüngst in einem Fall in Deutschland nachgewiesen [56]. Weitere Analysen erbrachten keinen Virusnachweis [12].…”

Section: Ein Auspulsieren Oder Ausstreichen Der Nabelschnur Scheint Dunclassified

Aktualisierte Empfehlungen zu SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 und Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett

Zöllkau

Hagenbeck

Hecher

et al. 2020

Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol

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ZusammenfassungMit Beginn der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie haben die deutschen geburtshilflichen und pädiatrischen Fachgesellschaften im März 2020 Empfehlungen zur Versorgung infizierter Schwangerer und deren Neugeborener, wie auch notwendige Schutzmaßnahmen für das Personal veröffentlicht [1–3]. Eine Aktualisierung ist aufgrund des rasanten Wissenszuwachses notwendig. Die vorliegende Empfehlung versteht sich daher als Fortschreibung der bereits vorliegenden Publikationen [1–3].Von der Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group wurden weltweit nationale Empfehlungen verglichen und als Review veröffentlicht [4]. In methodischer Anlehnung hieran nehmen die vorliegenden aktualisierten Empfehlungen Stellung zu den Kernfragen der prä-, peri- und postnatalen Betreuung bei SARS-CoV-2 und COVID-19, auf der Grundlage der bis zum 30.05.2020 verfügbaren Publikationen. Die Stellungnahmen basieren auf einem sorgfältig abgestimmten ExpertInnenkonsens und können sich – insofern neue Erkenntnisse veröffentlicht werden – zeitnah ändern.Die Verantwortung für das konkrete Vorgehen bleibt bei dem vor Ort medizinisch betreuenden Team, dessen Entscheidungen durch diese Empfehlung unterstützt werden sollen.

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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk

Cited by 347 publications

References 2 publications

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

Attitude and perceptions towards COVID-19 among pregnant women in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey

Aktualisierte Empfehlungen zu SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 und Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett

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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk

Cited by 347 publications

References 2 publications

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

Attitude and perceptions towards&nbsp;COVID-19 among pregnant women in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey

Aktualisierte Empfehlungen zu SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 und Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett

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Attitude and perceptions towards COVID-19 among pregnant women in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey