Determinants of redox sensitivity in RsrA, a zinc-containing anti-sigma factor for regulating thiol oxidative stress response

Jung, Yong-Gyun; Cho, Yoo-Bok; Kim, Min‐Sik; Yoo, Ji-Sun; Hong, Seok-Hyeon; Roe, Jung‐Hye

doi:10.1093/nar/gkr477

Cited by 18 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Upon zinc release, a disulfide bond is formed, causing a drastic conformational change in the ASF, ultimately leading to the release of the factor (52). The ZAS domain can be either redox sensitive or insensitive, which is mainly determined by the identities of the amino acid residues flanking the two conserved cysteine residues (53). In the case of the ECF48-associated ZAS domains, these flanking amino acid residues do not support redox sensing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sensing in Actinobacteria: a Comprehensive Survey on the Signaling Capacity of This Phylum

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Signal transduction is an essential process that allows bacteria to sense their complex and ever-changing environment and adapt accordingly. Three distinct major types of signal-transducing proteins (STPs) can be distinguished: one-component systems (1CSs), two-component systems (2CSs), and extracytoplasmic-function factors (ECFs). Since Actinobacteria are particularly rich in STPs, we comprehensively investigated the abundance and diversity of STPs encoded in 119 actinobacterial genomes, based on the data stored in the Microbial Signal Transduction (MiST) database. Overall, we observed an approximately linear correlation between the genome size and the total number of encoded STPs. About half of all membrane-anchored 1CSs are protein kinases. For both 1CSs and 2CSs, a detailed analysis of the domain architectures identified novel proteins that are found only in actinobacterial genomes. Many actinobacterial genomes are particularly enriched for ECFs. As a result of this study, almost 500 previously unclassified ECFs could be classified into 18 new ECF groups. This comprehensive survey demonstrates that actinobacterial genomes encode previously unknown STPs, which may represent new mechanisms of signal transduction and regulation. This information not only expands our knowledge of the diversity of bacterial signal transduction but also provides clear and testable hypotheses about their mechanisms, which can serve as starting points for experimental studies. IMPORTANCEIn the wake of the genomic era, with its enormous increase in the amount of available sequence information, the challenge has now shifted toward making sense and use of this treasure chest. Such analyses are a prerequisite to provide meaningful information that can help guide subsequent experimental efforts, such as mechanistic studies on novel signaling strategies. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of signal transduction proteins from 119 actinobacterial genomes. We identify, classify, and describe numerous novel and conserved signaling devices. Hence, our work serves as an important resource for any researcher interested in signal transduction of this important bacterial phylum, which contains organisms of ecological, biotechnological, and medical relevance. Bacterial survival critically depends on the ability to swiftly respond to environmental changes. To efficiently monitor the surrounding environment, microbial genomes encode numerous and highly diverse proteins that can sense a given extracellular stimulus, transmit the signal to the cytoplasm, and elicit a proper response. These signal-transducing proteins (STPs) can be divided into three major groups: one-component systems (1CSs), two-component systems (2CSs), and extracytoplasmic-function factors (ECFs). The vast majority of STPs in bacteria are 1CSs. These systems are composed of a single protein that contains an input domain, which senses the stimulus, and an output domain, which elicits the response by binding nucleic acids, modifying proteins, or performing an enzymati...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sensing in Actinobacteria: a Comprehensive Survey on the Signaling Capacity of This Phylum

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The zinc metal is ligated by His 37 , Cys 41 , and Cys 44 that form a characteristic HX 3 CX 2 C zinccontaining antisigma (ZAS) motif (49,76,110). Cys 11 completes the tetrahedral coordination of zinc by RsrA (110).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sensing Oxidative Stress By the Rsra Antisigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since zinc actually lowers the reactivity of the triggering thiolate in the finger, other determinants should activate the critical cysteine(s). The electronegative charge provided by glutamate residues flanking the HX 3 CX 2 C ZAS motif serves as an important redox determinant for the reactivity of RsrA (49). It remains to be investigated to what extent these glutamate residues influence the pKa and reactivity of the Cys 11 triggering switch.…”

Section: Activation Of Thiols In the Zinc-binding Rsra Antisigma Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Active Thiol Sensors of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

Vázquez‐Torres

2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The response of antioxidant system was also different, for example, though ROS production can be slowed due to the absence of oxygen, a higher rate of ROS formation was also associated with the significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Al, Zn), a lower level of SOD was conserved in the limpet living in the heavy metals polluted area no matter hypoxia or air exposure (Weihe et al 2010). Moreover, it was also found that gene expression enable bacteria to adapt to different stresses, such as RpoE2, a gene encoding ChrR-type zinc binding anti-sigma (ZAS) factor, seems to play a crucial role in preventing and repairing the cellular damage caused by the oxidative stress in Azospirillum brasilense (Jung et al 2011;Gupta et al 2013), which could infer that low level Zn was responsible to the stimulation of antioxidant system encoded by RpoE2. Both the intracellular and extracellular protein concentration could be affected by ROS concentration, and their changes were complicated with exposure to Zn or Cefradine or Zn ?…”

Section: Effects Of Zn Concentration and Binary Exposure On Bacterialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidative responses of Pseudomonas fluorescens YZ2 to simultaneous exposure of Zn and Cefradine

Chen

et al. 2015

Ecotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Binary pollution of both heavy metals and antibiotics has received increasing attentions for their joint effects of eco-toxicity and health hazards. To reveal the effects of mixtures of different pollutants on bacterial antioxidant response system, Pseudomonas fluorescens ZY2, a new strain isolated from swine wastewater, was chosen to determinate growth (bacterial density OD600), reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, protein concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity under exposure treatments of Zn, Cefradine or Zn + Cefradine. Bacterial densities of all the treatment groups increased significantly over the incubation time, but those containing pollutant addition were slightly lower than the control at different times of incubation. Both ROS concentration and SOD activity increased first and then decreased (p < 0.01) over time, which was opposite to the protein concentrations (p < 0.01), showing a much significant increase by Cefradine alone. With Zn concentration increasing from 40 to 160 mg/L, the intracellular SOD activity increased as a response to the improvement of ROS (p < 0.05), while the balance between ROS and SOD was broken down due to the disproportionate change of total SOD activity and ROS concentration, the bacterial densities therefore decreased for the weak resistance. With the combined treatment of Zn (200 mg/L) and Cefradine (1 mg/L), though the toxicity of Zn caused a much significant increase of ROS, the bacterial resistance was further improved showing a more significant increase of total SOD activity and the bacterial densities therefore increased bacterial growth. Zn concentration also affected the protein synthesis. Either single or binary stress induced the bacterial resistance by regulating SOD activity to eliminate ROS. All results of the bacterial oxidant stress, SOD response and protein synthesis in the combined treatment groups were more complicated than those in single treatment groups, which depended on the properties of the single treatment as well as the interaction between the two treatments upon bacterial activity. For P. fluorescens ZY2, the mediation of SOD activity to eliminate ROS in response to the combined exposure to Zn and Cefradine was first revealed as one of the co-resistance mechanisms, which is informative to further understanding the risk of antibiotics resistant bacteria to human and environmental health more accurately.

show abstract

Determinants of redox sensitivity in RsrA, a zinc-containing anti-sigma factor for regulating thiol oxidative stress response

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Environmental Sensing in Actinobacteria: a Comprehensive Survey on the Signaling Capacity of This Phylum

Environmental Sensing in Actinobacteria: a Comprehensive Survey on the Signaling Capacity of This Phylum

Redox Active Thiol Sensors of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

Antioxidative responses of Pseudomonas fluorescens YZ2 to simultaneous exposure of Zn and Cefradine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About