Determinants of Toddler Development Factors in Terms of Biological, Psychosocial, Family and Customary Aspects in Padang City

Abstract

UNICEF data in the 2017 year, nearly 200 million children in developing countries have stunted growth and development due to malnutrition. In addition, a report from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that Indonesian public health is the lowest in ASEAN, which is ranked 142 out of 170 countries. Factors that influence growth and development are biological, psychosocial, family, and customs. This study aims to the determinants of growth and developmental factors for children under five in terms of biological, psychosocial, family and customs aspects. This study uses an analytic observational design with a comparative cross-sectional approach. The population of this study is mothers who have toddlers aged 6 to 23 months in Padang. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires and WhatsApp. The hypothesis test used is Chi-Square. This study showed a relationship between biological, psychosocial, family, and customs factors with the growth and development of toddlers.

The Influence of Project-Based Outdoor Learning Activities on Children’s Independence Development

“…Growth and development are continuous processes from conception to adulthood affected by intrinsic or environmental factors (Goodway et al, 2019;Kuh, 2003). Development is an increase of abilities in complex body structures and functions in a regular and predictable pattern due to the maturing process (Suryanis & Faisal, 2022;Yanuarti, 2022). Here concerns the differentiation process of body cells, body tissues, and organ systems that develop so that each can fulfill its function.…”