Determination of 4,4‘-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), a Component of Nicarbazin, in Canada Goose (<i>Branta canadensis</i>) Eggshells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Stahl, Randal S.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.; Buettgenbach, Teresa L.; Johnston, John J.

doi:10.1021/jf025872u

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The variability may be due in part to the non‐uniform distribution of the membrane on the egg shell. In earlier work4 the mass of membrane separated from the shell varied from 8 to 17% of the total mass of the 5‐g shell sample. The DNC concentrations in the egg contents (albumin and yolk) averaged respectively for the same treatments: less than the method limit of detection, 2.28 (±1.17), 3.72 (±2.16) and 8.27 (±4.94) µg g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to assay nicarbazin levels in the egg shell by measuring DNC 4. DNC is the active component of the mixture that comprises the nicarbazin formulation; HDP is thought to facilitate uptake of DNC in the gut 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each treatment group, DNC concentrations in the shells were correlated with the concentration of DNC determined for the egg contents (yolk and albumin, combined) 6. The levels of DNC in the egg shells from eggs that were viable were then assayed 4. The results of these analyses indicated a strong linear correlation between DNC found in the egg contents and in the shell of non‐viable eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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4,4′‐Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs

Stahl¹,

VerCauteren²,

Köhler³

et al. 2003

Pest Management Science

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Nicarbazin is being investigated as an infertility agent for the control of non-migratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis L) populations. Nicarbazin is presently registered for use as a coccidiostat for poultry. Geese fed sufficient quantities of nicarbazin will lay non-viable eggs. We established nicarbazin consumption by measuring the concentration of a component of the formulation, 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) in the egg contents (yolk, albumin) in non-viable eggs. To estimate the nicarbazin consumption of birds that laid viable eggs (eggs that hatched or contained an embryo), a high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed to measure the concentration of DNC in egg shells. A statistically significant correlation was established using linear regression between the mean concentrations of DNC in the egg shell and in the egg contents in non-viable eggs. Viable eggs were estimated to contain lower levels of DNC than non-viable eggs. DNC concentrations in both the egg contents and the egg shell increased with increases in nicarbazin dose in feed. Our method allows for the estimation of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in eggs under field conditions, which is important in developing an effective infertility agent for over-abundant non-migratory goose populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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4,4′‐Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs

Stahl¹,

VerCauteren²,

Köhler³

et al. 2003

Pest Management Science

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show abstract

“…Most of the works use a chromatographic technique, especially high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detector or mass spectrometric detector [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High resolution liquid chromatography-UV technique was used for the determination of nicarbazin and robenidine in eggs and in feeds [14][15][16][17]. Several authors used an HPLC-MS technique for single and multiresidual determination of these compounds in eggs, in muscle and in feedstuffs [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] reaching a lower Limit of Detection (LOD) than HPLV-UV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Synthetic Coccidiostats in Eggs

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Coccidiostats are synthetic drugs administered to animals, especially to poultry, to cure coccidiosis. In this paper, we present a selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to analyze residues of five synthetic coccidiostats in eggs: clazuril, diclazuril, robenidine, nicarbazin, toltrazuril and its two metabolites. The extraction efficiency was evaluated by testing several solvents, pH, different volumes and time of extraction. The clean-up procedures were optimized using different solid phase extraction cartridges and different eluants. The chromatographic separation was achieved in reversed phase using a gradient of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile, whereas the MS detection was performed in negative electrospray ionization (ESI) for all the analytes, except for the robenidine. The developed method has been validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/CE. The validation parameters, as linearity, precision, recovery, specificity, decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ), and robustness have been determined. The proposed method resulted simple, fast, and suitable for screening and confirmation purposes.

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Screening methods and recent developments in the detection of anticoccidials

et al. 2013

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This article presents a review of the current trends in the analysis of coccidiostats in various matrices, focusing principally on screening and rapid methods. Coccidiosis is an infectious disease having a high negative impact on the animal industry. Drugs are therefore necessary to prevent and/or to combat this disease. However, it is also of crucial importance that these veterinary drugs do not enter the human food chain. European legislation has therefore established the boundaries for the use of coccidiosats and has also addressed the unavoidable problem of cross-contamination of the feed, mainly caused by the use of the same production lines. Consequently there is a need for analytical methods and/or analytical strategies for the monitoring and control of the residues of anticoccidials, both in feed and in the resulting matrices for human consumption. In the frame of the European collaborative project CONffIDENCE, such attempts to establish the required analytical tools were made, which required beforehand a review of the state of the art in this domain. Aiming at this objective, in this review we consider the most interesting publications since 2000. In essence, both a rapid approach with mainly immunoassays and chromatographic methods were developed. To date, the obstacle to routine use of the first approach has been its inability to detect more than two compounds simultaneously, but recent developments in flow cytometry have made it possible to detect six coccidiostats at once. On the other hand, an increasingly popular approach for detecting multiple coccidiostats simultaneously is liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. There remains a need to adapt these analytical methods to legislative requirements.

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Determination of 4,4‘-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), a Component of Nicarbazin, in Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Eggshells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

4,4′‐Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs

4,4′‐Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Synthetic Coccidiostats in Eggs

Screening methods and recent developments in the detection of anticoccidials

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