Determination of Continuous Size and Trace Element Distribution of Colloidal Material in Natural Water by On-Line Coupling of Flow Field-Flow Fractionation with ICPMS

Hassellöv, Martin; Lyvén, Benny; Haraldsson, Conny; Sirinawin, Waraporn

doi:10.1021/ac981455y

Cited by 155 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The diffusion coefficient, and thereby the hydrodynamic diameter, can be calculated from the retention time (Giddings, 1993). Samples were analyzed using on-line coupling of FlFFF to UV-absorbance and fluorescence detectors, as well as to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (for simplicity hereafter abbreviated as FFF-ICPMS) as described previously (Hassellöv et al, 1999;Stolpe et al, 2005). By this combination of techniques, the continuous colloidal size distribution of chromophores, fluorophores and different elements can be determined.…”

Section: Combined Flow Field-flow Fractionation Icpms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of iron species and iron isotopes in the Baltic Sea euphotic zone

Gelting

Breitbarth²,

Stolpe³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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Section: Combined Flow Field-flow Fractionation Icpms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of iron species and iron isotopes in the Baltic Sea euphotic zone

Gelting

Breitbarth²,

Stolpe³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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“…The FlFFF-ICPMS system setup and operating procedure has previously been described in detail in a separate publication (Hassellöv et al, 1999). During the Kalix 2002 project three detectors were used in series after the FlFFF; a flow-through UV detector (Jasco UV-975), a flow-through fluorescence detector (Jasco-FP 920) and finally a high resolution ICP-MS (ELEMENT, Thermo Finnigan), allowing determination of elemental composition as a function of colloid size within 100 min.…”

Section: Flfff-icpmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Dahlqvist

Benedetti

Andersson

et al. 2004

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Abstract-A considerable amount of colloidally bound Ca has been detected in water samples from Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River, a sub-arctic boreal river. Fractionation experiments using several analytical techniques and processing tools were conducted in order to elucidate the matter. Results show that on average 84% of the total Ca concentration is present as free Ca. Particulate, colloidal and complexed Ca constitute the remaining 16%, of which the colloidal fraction is significant. Ultrafiltration experiments show that the colloidal fraction in the sampled Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River range between 1% and 25%.In both the Amazonian and the Kalix rivers the technique of cross-flow ultrafiltration was used to isolate particles and colloids. The difference in concentration measured with ICP-AES and a Ca ion-selective electrode in identical samples was used to define the free Ca concentration and thus indirectly the magnitude of the particulate, colloidal and complexed fractions. Results from the Kalix and Amazonian rivers are in excellent agreement. Furthermore, the results show that the colloidal concentrations of Ca can be greatly overestimated (up to 227%) when conventional analysis and calculation of ultrafiltration data is used due to retention of free Ca ions during the ultrafiltration process. Calculation methods for colloidal matter are presented in this work, using complementary data from ISE analysis.In the Kalix River temporal changes in the fractionation of Ca were studied before, during and after a spring-flood event. Changes in the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca was studied using FlFFF (Flow Field-Flow Fractionation) coupled on-line to a HR ICP-MS. The FlFFF-HR ICP-MS fractograms clearly show the colloidal component of Ca, supporting the ultrafiltration findings. During winter conditions the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca has a concentration maximum at ϳ5 to 10 nm in diameter, shifting to smaller sizes (Ͻ5 nm) during and after the spring flood. This shift in size distribution follows a change in the river during this period from ironoxyhydroxy colloids being the most important colloidal carrier phase to humic substances during and after the spring flood.WHAM and NICA-Donnan models were used to calculate the amount of colloidally bound Ca. The results similar for both models, show that on average 16% of the Ca may be associated to a colloidal phase, which is in broad agreement with the measurements.

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“…This combination of FlFFF and aTEM, therefore, gives a comprehensive picture of trace metal-nanoparticle associations. While various studies have utilised FFF coupled to light scattering, [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] ICPMS, [7,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52] TEM [33,[53][54][55] or some combination thereof, many of these studies focussed on organic matter, synthetic nanoparticles, or uncontaminated river water. This study uses the above mentioned techniques to provide a first look at the direct associations between mineral nanoparticles and toxic trace metals in contaminated sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using FlFFF and aTEM to determine trace metal–nanoparticle associations in riverbed sediment

et al. 2010

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Environmental context. Determining associations between trace metals and nanoparticles in contaminated systems is important in order to make decisions regarding remediation. This study analysed contaminated sediment from the Clark Fork River Superfund Site and discovered that in the <1-µm fraction the trace metals were almost exclusively associated with nanoparticulate Fe and Ti oxides. This information is relevant because nanoparticles are often more reactive and show altered properties compared with their bulk equivalents, therefore affecting metal toxicity and bioavailability.Abstract. Analytical transmission electron microscopy (aTEM) and flow field flow fractionation (FlFFF) coupled to multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS) and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (HR-ICPMS) were utilised to elucidate relationships between trace metals and nanoparticles in contaminated sediment. Samples were obtained from the Clark Fork River (Montana, USA), where a large-scale dam removal project has released reservoir sediment contaminated with toxic trace metals (namely Pb, Zn, Cu and As) which had accumulated from a century of mining activities upstream. An aqueous extraction method was used to recover nanoparticles from the sediment for examination; FlFFF results indicate that the toxic metals are held in the nano-size fraction of the sediment and their peak shapes and size distributions correlate best with those for Fe and Ti. TEM data confirms this on a single nanoparticle scale; the toxic metals were found almost exclusively associated with nano-size oxide minerals, most commonly brookite, goethite and lepidocrocite.

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Determination of Continuous Size and Trace Element Distribution of Colloidal Material in Natural Water by On-Line Coupling of Flow Field-Flow Fractionation with ICPMS

Cited by 155 publications

References 20 publications

Fractionation of iron species and iron isotopes in the Baltic Sea euphotic zone

Fractionation of iron species and iron isotopes in the Baltic Sea euphotic zone

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Using FlFFF and aTEM to determine trace metal–nanoparticle associations in riverbed sediment

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