Determination of loading parameters in the canine hip in vivo

Page, Alexandra E.; Allan, Christine; Jasty, Murali; Harrigan, Timothy P.; Bragdon, Charles R.; Harris, William H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(93)90018-a

Cited by 67 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Calculated peak forces for human and dog compare well to in vivo hip-joint force measurements from the literature that showed peak forces during stance phase of normal walking of 211-410 % BW in humans (Bergmann et al 2001(Bergmann et al , 1993(Bergmann et al , 1984 and approximately 165 % BW in dogs (Page et al 1993). At least in humans, these values depend on the walking speed as shown by increasing values from 280 % BW at 1 km h −1 to 480 % BW at 5 km h −1 , and 550 % BW when jogging (Bergmann et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…4a-c). Calculated human and canine loading patterns compare favourably with in vivo measurements during walking (Bergmann et al 2001(Bergmann et al , 1993(Bergmann et al , 1984Page et al 1993). Only some small forces approximately ten times smaller than the main forces calculated for the lateral and medial rim were not in agreement in the human case (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the present study, we apply this algorithm reconstructing the elaborate loading patterns at the hip joint for human and dog, two species exhibiting different locomotion. Results are compared to direct in vivo force measurements using instrumented implants, as reported in the literature (Bergmann et al 2001(Bergmann et al , 1993(Bergmann et al , 1984Page et al 1993). Considering the potential to reconstruct joint loads and thus infer locomotion of extinct animals based on their fossil remains, as a proof of concept, the algorithm is also applied to predict the loading pattern for an extinct cave lion based on microstructure measurement obtained from a fossil femur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determination of hip-joint loading patterns of living and extinct mammals using an inverse Wolff’s law approach

Christen

Ito

Galis

et al. 2014

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of hip-joint loading patterns of living and extinct mammals using an inverse Wolff’s law approach

Christen

Ito

Galis

et al. 2014

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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“…When normalized to body weight, these forces are similar to the forces reported for bipeds, but higher than those reported for small quadrupeds (Bergmann et al, 1999;Page et al, 1993). We calculated 210 and 190% of body weight (10.6 and 9.7kN, respectively) as the mean peak forces transmitted by the P1-MC3 and Ses-MC3 joints, respectively, during walking.…”

Section: Comparison With Literature Datasupporting

confidence: 60%

Relationship between muscle forces, joint loading and utilization of elastic strain energy in equine locomotion

Harrison

Whitton

Kawcak

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYStorage and utilization of strain energy in the elastic tissues of the distal forelimb of the horse is thought to contribute to the excellent locomotory efficiency of the animal. However, the structures that facilitate elastic energy storage may also be exposed to dangerously high forces, especially at the fastest galloping speeds. In the present study, experimental gait data were combined with a musculoskeletal model of the distal forelimb of the horse to determine muscle and joint contact loading and muscle-tendon work during the stance phase of walking, trotting and galloping. The flexor tendons spanning the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint -specifically, the superficial digital flexor (SDF), interosseus muscle (IM) and deep digital flexor (DDF) -experienced the highest forces. Peak forces normalized to body mass for the SDF were 7.3±2.1, 14.0±2.5 and 16.7±1.1Nkg -1 in walking, trotting and galloping, respectively. The contact forces transmitted by the MCP joint were higher than those acting at any other joint in the distal forelimb, reaching 20.6±2.8, 40.6±5.6 and 45.9±0.9Nkg -1 in walking, trotting and galloping, respectively. The tendons of the distal forelimb (primarily SDF and IM) contributed between 69 and 90% of the total work done by the muscles and tendons, depending on the type of gait. The tendons and joints that facilitate storage of elastic strain energy in the distal forelimb also experienced the highest loads, which may explain the high frequency of injuries observed at these sites.

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“…Such anatomic differences potentially involve appreciably different effective joint loading (Alexander 2004). While joint contact forces have been extensively investigated in various traditional quadrupedal animal models of orthopaedic disorders (Page et al 1993;Rumph et al 1995;Bergmann et al 1999), biomechanical investigations of avian species have focused more on comparative kinematics, energetics, and bone development (Carrano and Biewener 1999;Main and Biewener 2007). Therefore, an anatomy-based model of normal emu walking gait was developed to determine emu hip contact forces for comparison to those of the human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip joint contact force in the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) during normal level walking

Goetz

Derrick

Pedersen

et al. 2008

Journal of Biomechanics

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The emu is a large, (bipedal) flightless bird that potentially can be used to study various orthopaedic disorders in which load protection of the experimental limb is a limitation of quadrupedal models. An anatomy-based analysis of normal emu walking gait was undertaken to determine hip contact forces for comparison with human data. Kinematic and kinetic data captured for two laboratoryhabituated emus were used to drive the model. Muscle attachment data were obtained by dissection, and bony geometries were obtained by CT scan. Inverse dynamics calculations at all major lowerlimb joints were used in conjunction with optimization of muscle forces to determine hip contact forces. Like human walking gait, emu ground reaction forces showed a bimodal distribution over the course of the stance phase. Two-bird averaged maximum hip contact force was approximately 5.5 times body weight, directed nominally axially along the femur. This value is only modestly larger than optimization-based hip contact forces reported in literature for humans. The interspecies similarity in hip contact forces makes the emu a biomechanically attractive animal in which to model loading-dependent human orthopaedic hip disorders.

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Determination of loading parameters in the canine hip in vivo

Cited by 67 publications

References 13 publications

Determination of hip-joint loading patterns of living and extinct mammals using an inverse Wolff’s law approach

Determination of hip-joint loading patterns of living and extinct mammals using an inverse Wolff’s law approach

Relationship between muscle forces, joint loading and utilization of elastic strain energy in equine locomotion

Hip joint contact force in the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) during normal level walking

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