Determination of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic compounds in airborne particulate organic matter using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Nicol, Sophie; Dugay, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02490379

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For the first time, quantification of OPAHs in diesel particulate matter and diesel extract is presented, while other researchers have only previously identified OPAHs in the diesel particulate matter [24, 30, 33]. Diesel particulate matter is considered representative of heavy-duty diesel engines, while the diesel extract is the extract of particulate matter collected from a filtering system designed for diesel-powered industrial forklifts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although OPAH extraction [11, 28] and instrumental methods have been slowly developed using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS), [11, 29] GC- tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) [30] and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS and LC-MS/MS [20, 31], a complete method validation is missing due to a lack of certified concentrations of OPAHs in applicable matrices. Also, deuterated OPAH standards only recently became available and researchers were relegated to use un-substituted PAHs or nitro-PAHs for proxies of OPAH internal standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Layshock

Wilson

Anderson

2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) substituted with a ketone or quinone functionality (OPAHs) may be important environmental contaminants. The OPAHs from environmental samples have demonstrated toxicity and may be more harmful than PAHs. Knowledge gaps concerning the occurrence of OPAHs in the total environment arise from analytical difficulties, as well as limited standards and methodologies. An optimized method was developed to quantify five ketone and four quinone OPAHs from matrices ranging from biological tissue to diesel particulates. Five National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) were analyzed. This is the first report of OPAH quantitation in SRM 2977 (mussel tissue), SRM 1944 (New York /New Jersey, USA waterway sediment), SRM 1975 (diesel extract) and SRM 1650b (diesel particulate matter) and among the few to report concentrations from SRM 1649 (urban dust). Furthermore, this is one of the first reports of OPAHs in biological tissue. Σ9OPAHs were 374 ± 59 μg/kg (mussel tissue), 5.4 ± 0.5 mg/kg (sediment), 16.9 ± 1.6 mg/kg (urban dust), 33.4 ± 0.4 mg/kg (diesel extract), and 150 ± 43 mg/kg (diesel particulate matter). In all SRMs, the levels of OPAHs were similar to or exceeded levels of PAHs. Of the OPAHs tested, the most frequently occurring in the environmental matrices were 9-fluorenone, 9,10-anthraquinone, benzofluorenone, and 7,12-benz[a]anthracenequinone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Layshock

Wilson

Anderson

2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Finally, the proposed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was successfully applied to quinone determination in airborne particulates. 35 HPLC-photodiode array 3000 -15000 3000 -15000 3000 -15000 Cho et al 36 GC-MS 400 300 Sousa et al 37 GC-MS 200 10 200 Alves et al 38 GC-MS 34.92 Albinet et al 39 GC-MS 0.01 -2.6 María del Rosario Sienra et al 40 GC-MS 9.57 Delgado-Saborit et al 41 GC-MS 7 3 6 11 Nicol et al 42 GC-MS/MS 8 Toriba et al 31 GC-MS/MS 0.0021 0.0012 0.001 0.0027 0.0052 Jakober et al 29 HPLC-APCI-MS 46 17 26 33 Delhomme et al 27 LC…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Determination of Quinones by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Methanol Derivatization

Pei

Wang

2018

ANAL. SCI.

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Quinones are a class of compounds having substantial toxicity and pharmacological function. This work has produced a derivatization method for quinone detection with high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Through introducing tags (methoxy) to the quinone structures, the ionization efficiencies of five quinones (p-benzoquinone (BQ), methyl-p-benzoquinone (MBQ), 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ), 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ), and 1,4-anthraquinones (AQ)) were greatly improved during ESI. The limit of detections (LODs) for quinone determination could be flexibly adjusted by changing the reaction time or the solvent composition. While lower LODs (<0.02 - 2.06 pg for five quinones) were achieved with methanol as the derivatization reagent, the reaction time was substantially shortened (from 27 to 3 h or 11 h) with methanol/water (v/v, 1:1) as the derivatization reagent. Finally, the proposed method was successfully used for quinone determination in airborne particulates.

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“…GC-MS-MS has been applied to detect and quantify O-PAHs in airborne particulate (Nicol et al, 2001). For this work, we developed a pretreatment technique to aerosol sampled in Beijing during January 2013, when haze was particularly heavy and had spread over much of eastern China.…”

Section: F Liu Et Al: An Enhanced Procedures For Measuring Organic Amentioning

confidence: 99%

An enhanced procedure for measuring organic acids and methyl esters in PM<sub>2.5</sub>

Liu

Duan

et al. 2015

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract.A solid-phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment procedure allowing organic acids to be separated from methyl esters in fine aerosol has been developed. The procedure first separates the organic acids from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and other nonacid organic compounds by aminopropyl-based SPE cartridge and then quantifies them by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The procedure prevents the fatty acids and dimethyl phthalate from being overestimated, and so allows us to accurately quantify the C 4 -C 11 dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) and the C 8 -C 30 monocarboxylic acids (MCAs). Results for the extraction of DCAs, MCAs, and AMAs in eluate and FAMEs in effluate by SAX and NH 2 SPE cartridges exhibited that the NH 2 SPE cartridge gave higher extraction efficiency than the SAX cartridge. The recoveries of analytes ranged from 67.5 to 111.3 %, and the RSD ranged from 0.7 to 10.9 %. The resulting correlations between the aliphatic acids and FAMEs suggest that the FAMEs had sources similar to those of the carboxylic acids, or were formed by esterifying carboxylic acids, or that aliphatic acids were formed by hydrolyzing FAMEs. Through extraction and cleanup using this procedure, 17 aromatic acids in eluate were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, including five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH): acids 2-naphthoic, biphenyl-4-carboxylic, 9-oxo-9H-fluorene-1-carboxylic, biphenyl-4,4 -dicarboxylic, and phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid, plus 1,8-naphthalic anhydride. Correlations between the PAH acids and the dicarboxylic and aromatic acids suggested that the first three acids and 1,8-naphthalic anhydride were secondary atmospheric photochemistry products and the last two mainly primary.

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Determination of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic compounds in airborne particulate organic matter using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Sensitive Determination of Quinones by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Methanol Derivatization

An enhanced procedure for measuring organic acids and methyl esters in PM<sub>2.5</sub>

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Determination of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic compounds in airborne particulate organic matter using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Ketone and quinone‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mussel tissue, sediment, urban dust, and diesel particulate matrices

Sensitive Determination of Quinones by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Methanol Derivatization

An enhanced procedure for measuring organic acids and methyl esters in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;

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An enhanced procedure for measuring organic acids and methyl esters in PM<sub>2.5</sub>