Determination of the autonomously functioning volume of the thyroid

Emrich, D.; Erlenmaier, Ulrich; Pohl, M.; Luig, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00208999

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is therefore likely that not all hot nodules that are much more frequent in iodine-deficient than iodine-replete areas (21) are detectable by the determination of TSH. However, if the hot nodule volume surpasses a volume of 16 ml, a suppressed TSH was detectable even with older RIA technology (22).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Risks Of Benign And Malignant Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Thyroid nodules: a review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects

Gharib

Papini

Paschke

2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

130

101

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In 2006, two major society-sponsored guidelines and one major consensus statement for thyroid diagnosis and management were published by: the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi (AACE/AME); the American Thyroid Association (ATA); and the European Thyroid Association (ETA). A careful review of these guidelines reveals that despite many similarities, significant differences are also present, likely reflecting differences in practice patterns, interpretation of existing data, and availability of resources in different regions. The methodology of the guidelines is similar, but a few differences in the rating scale make a rapid comparison of the strength of both evidence and recommendations difficult for the use in current clinical practice. Some recommendations are based mostly on experts' opinion. Thus, a same recommendation may be based on a different evidence; on the other hand, sometimes the same evidence may induce a different recommendation. Therefore, efforts are needed to produce a few high-quality clinical studies to close the evidence gaps in the still controversial fields of thyroid disease and to create a joint task force of the most authoritative societies in the field of thyroid disease in order to reach a common document for clinical practice recommendations. European Journal of Endocrinology 159 493-505

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Section: Epidemiology and Risks Of Benign And Malignant Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Thyroid nodules: a review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects

Gharib

Papini

Paschke

2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

130

101

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“…The results of a previous Technetium scintigram may be used to quantify the amount of autonomous tissue to stratify risk [4,21,22]. However, this indication for scintigraphy has fallen into disuse since very sensitive TSH assays came into general use more recently.…”

Section: Prevention and Prophylaxis Of Contrast Media Induced Thyrotomentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of iodinated contrast media on thyroid function in adults

2004

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Excess free iodide in the blood (ingested or injected) may cause thyrotoxicosis in patients at risk. Iodinated contrast medium solutions contain small amounts of free iodide and may be of significance for patients at risk. The free iodide may also interfere with nuclear medicine diagnostic studies and treatment. Therefore the Contrast Media Safety Committee of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology reviewed the literature on this subject in order to prepare guidelines. A report and guidelines were prepared based on an extensive Medline search. The report was discussed with the participants attending the Tenth European Symposium on Urogenital Radiology, Uppsala, Sweden, September 2003. Contrast medium induced thyrotoxicosis is rare. Contrast medium injection does not affect thyroid function tests (e.g., T3, T4, TSH) in patients with a normal thyroid. Routine monitoring of thyroid function tests before contrast medium injection in patients with a normal thyroid is not indicated even in areas where there is dietary iodine deficiency. Patients at risk of developing thyrotoxicosis after contrast medium injection are patients with Graves' disease and patients with multinodular goiter with thyroid autonomy, especially elderly patients and patients living in areas of iodine deficiency. Patients at high-risk should be carefully monitored by endocrinologists after contrast medium examinations. Prophylaxis in these groups is not generally recommended, although it may offer some protection in selected high-risk individuals. The free iodide load of contrast media injections interferes with iodide uptake in the thyroid and therefore compromises diagnostic thyroid scintigraphy and radio-iodine treatment of thyroid malignancies for 2 months after administration of contrast media. Simple guidelines on the subject are proposed.

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“…A becsült, fix dózissal kezelt betegek eredményei lényegesen nem különböznek az individuálisan számított dózissal kezeltekétől [25], a számításos módszert még-sem kellene mellőzni [26]. A funkcionális, autonóm tér-fogat kiszámítására a német iskola ajánlott tetszetős módszereket [27,28], ezek széles körben nem terjedtek el, mert az elért eredmények így sem lettek jobbak [29].…”

Section: Göbös Strúmák Radiojódkezeléseunclassified

Változások a pajzsmirigybetegségek radiojódkezelésében

Konrády

2016

Orvosi Hetilap

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A benignus és malignus pajzsmirigybetegségek radiojódkezelését körülbelül 70 éve vezették be, mindemellett a kezelés az indikáció, a dózis és az eljárás tekintetében a konszenzus hiányával jellemezhető. Az összefoglaló foglalkozik az immunogén hyperthyreosis kezelésének eredményeivel, beleértve az endokrin orbitopathia problémáját. Tárgyalja a toxikus és nem toxikus multinodularis strúma radiojódkezelését, hangsúlyozva a jódfelvétel növelésének jelentősé-gét. Ebben a vonatkozásban a rekombináns humán tireotropin alkalmazását szükséges említeni. A pajzsmirigyrák kezelési protokollja is változott, a kis kockázatú betegeken a kezelés ineffektív, szükségtelen. Több figyelmet érdemel a radiojód carcinogen hatása. Számos említett probléma jól megtervezett, prospektív tanulmányokat igényel, hogy az alapvető problémák tisztázódjanak. A szerző hangsúlyozza: a radiojódterápia megválasztásánál a még megfelelően hatékony, legalacsonyabb dózisra kell törekedni. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(3), 83-88. Kulcsszavak: jóindulatú pajzsmirigybetegségek, pajzsmirigyrák, radiojódterápia változásai Changes in radioiodine therapy for thyroid disordersRadioiodine therapy for benign and malignant thyroid diseases was introduced about 70 years ago, however, there is still a lack of consensus regarding indications, doses and procedure. This review covers treatment results in immunogenic hyperthyroidism including the problem of orbitopathy. Radioiodine therapy for toxic and non-toxic multinodular goiter is also discussed with striking possibility of enhanching the radioiodine uptake. In this respect the recombinant human thyrotropin should be mentioned. Thyroid cancer treatment protocol has changed, too, due to ineffectivity in low-risk patients. More attention is needed to the carcinogenecity of radioiodine. The numerous problems mentioned above require large and well-designed prospective trials to resolve the fundamental questions. The author emphasizes that radioiodine dose should be administered in doses as low as reasonably achievable. Keywords: benign thyroid diseases, thyroid cancer, changes of radioiodine therapyKonrády, A. [Changes in radioiodine therapy for thyroid disorders]. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(3), 83-88. (Beérkezett: 2015. október 6.; elfogadva: 2015. november 5.) ÖSSZEFOGLALÓ KÖZLEMÉNYRövidítések aTPO = peroxidáz elleni antitest; BG-kór = Basedow-Gravesbetegség; DTC = differenciált pajzsmirigyrák; EOP = endokrin orbitopathia; hTG = humán tireoglobulin; NIS = nátrium-jodid-szimporter; rhTSH = rekombináns humán tireotropin; TRAb = tireotropinreceptor-antitest A pajzsmirigybetegségek jódizotópos kezelésének törté-nete csaknem háromnegyed százados, 1942-ben kezdő-dött [1]. Először a jód 130-as izotópját alkalmazták, majd uralkodóvá vált a béta-és gamma-sugárzó 131-es izotóp ( 131 I). A múlt század '70-es éveiben kísérletek történtek a 125 I alkalmazásával is, amelynek kedvező fizikai tulajdonságai alapján jó eredményeket vártunk, de a klinikai gyakorlat a várakozásokat nem igazolta. Ma már csak a jód 131-es izotópját használjuk.Év...

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Determination of the autonomously functioning volume of the thyroid

Cited by 56 publications

References 10 publications

Thyroid nodules: a review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects

Thyroid nodules: a review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects

Effect of iodinated contrast media on thyroid function in adults

Változások a pajzsmirigybetegségek radiojódkezelésében

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