Determination of trace amounts of bisphenol F, bisphenol A and their diglycidyl ethers in wastewater by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Analysis of estrogens in environmental waters using polymer monolith in-polyether ether ketone tube solid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography

“…Several pretreatment methods, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [17,33], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [3][4][5][6][7][8][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [10][11][12], have been widely applied to the extraction of EDCs from environmental waters. However, the LLE method demands complex extraction and cleanup procedures, as well as large volumes of sample and organic extractant.…”

Evaluation of alcoholic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of bisphenol a in water samples using an experimental design

“…According to this table, SBSE, SPME, and LPME are more time-consuming and tedious than AA-DLLME. Moreover, the developed method has an acceptable detection limit (0.1 μg L −1 ) and linear range (1-100 μgL −1 ) [10][11][12]14]. In addition, the RSD of this method (6.98%) is comparable with other methods, while its extraction time (<2 min) is very short.…”

“…Some sample preconcentration procedures were applied for the pretreatment of BPA-containing samples, such as, single-drop liquid-phase microextraction (SDME) [6], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [7][8][9], liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [10], stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [11], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [12,13], liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) [14], and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) [15,16]. Recently, a new microextraction method, named dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), introduced by Assadi et al [17], has been used as a powerful preconcentration technique for extraction of verity compounds including BPA [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Extraction Techniques for Isolation, Purification and Preconcentration of Bisphenols and Alkylphenols from Environmental and Food Samples

“…For this purpose the most often used methods are liquid-liquid extraction [20][21][22], Soxhlet extraction [3,23], solid phase extraction [6,22,, membrane extraction [45][46][47], accelerated solvent extraction [7,13,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54], ultrasonic assisted extraction [32,[55][56][57][58], microwave assisted extraction [59][60][61], stir-bar sorptive extraction [4,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69], matrix solid phase dispersion [70][71][72][73][74] …”