Determining Functional Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly

Khodabandehloo, Niloofar; Vakili, Mohammad Masoud; Hashemian, Zahra; Zare‐Zardini, Hadi

doi:10.5812/ircmj.17(6)2015.13138

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Khodabandehloo et al [16] reported that the mean blood level of vitamin B12 in all subjects was 448.92±156.75 ng/mL. In their diabetic group, the prevalence of B12 deficiency was seen to be above 6%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

Samadanifard

Eskandari

Khodabandehloo

et al. 2020

JPRI

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Background: Given the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the community and the use of metformin as one of its most common therapies as well as presence of some evidences on a link between the use of this medicine and vitamin B12 levels, we decided to measure and compare serum level of vitamin B12 among the diabetic patients under treatment by metformin and compare with its natural content. Decreased Vitamin B12 levels leads to some clinical problems including anemia, gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite, etc.,), neurological disorders (tingle, numbness, muscle weakness, etc.,) and mental disorders (memory impairment, depression, behavioral problems, etc.,). Therefore, we would determine if the duration of metformin use and dosage may be effective on serum levels of vitamin B12 among metformin-treated diabetic patients. Methods: Serum vitamin B12 level in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients referred to Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital and Specialist Clinic of Taban in Tehran in 2016 (306 subjects selected by convenience sampling) was determined and then compared to its normal level. Results: Of the 306 participants in the study, 120 ones were females (39.2%) and 186 ones were males (60.8%). Also, 150 ones (49%) were healthy and 156 ones (51%) were suffering from diabetes Miletus. There was a significant difference between the type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy individuals with quantitative variables such as age, height, weight, BMI, serum cholesterol (Chol) level, LDL serum level, HDL serum level, triglyceride (TG) level. The mean blood level of Vitamin B12 level was 448.92±156.75pg/mL among all participants. A Vitamin B12 deficiency frequency of above 6% was seen among diabetic patients. In regression analysis, a model was defined based on which age, gender, diabetes and Metformin used had a significant effect on serum levels of vitamin B-12. Also, none of the variables gender, age, duration of treatment, metformin quantity, weight and BMI was associated with a deficiency of vitamin B12. Conclusion: In the diabetic group, the prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency was more than6%. It was also seen that age, gender, diabetes mellitus, metformin intake and metformin content had a significant effect on serum B12 levels. Therefore, measurement of serum levels of vitamin B12 in metformin-treated subjects is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

Samadanifard

Eskandari

Khodabandehloo

et al. 2020

JPRI

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“…Elevated circulating total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In addition, HHcy in the elderly is strongly associated with depression, impaired cognitive function and dementia 14 . Plasma homocysteine and MMA were usually high due to a low vitamin B12 and folate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

IJPSR

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This research aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin B12 supplementation on vitamin B12 serum level and memorizing ability of preschool children. A community -randomized controlled trial of 29 preschool children (4-6 year) was conducted for six months. Subjects were divided into two groups, treatment group (received 10 mcg of vitamin B12 daily syrup) and control group (placebo). Serum vitamin B12 and memory levels of children were measured before and after the intervention. Result of research was after 6 months of vitamin B12 on supplementation prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency decreased in treatment group from 26.7% to 0.0%, while in the control group increased from 21.4% to 28.6%. The mean of increasing serum vitamin B12 was significantly different among those groups (148 ± 110.9 pg/ml in the treatment group and 3.7 ± 12.8 pg/mL in the control group). Memorizing ability affected by vitamin B12 supplementation for overall children with relative risk (RR) was 19.5. Reviews of this research imply the important result of vitamin B12 supplementation on improving vitamin B12 and memory levels of preschool children.

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“…Using a serum B 12 cutoff of 220 pmol/L, an Iranian study found that 56% and 93% of people aged 65-74 and ! 75 years, respectively, were at high risk of B 12 deficiency [177].…”

Section: Malabsorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vitamin B₁₂status in health and disease: a critical review. Diagnosis of deficiency and insufficiency – clinical and laboratory pitfalls

Sobczyńska‐Malefora

Delvin

McCaddon

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) is an essential cofactor for two metabolic pathways. It is obtained principally from food of animal origin. Cobalamin becomes bioavailable through a series of steps pertaining to its release from dietary protein, intrinsic factor-mediated absorption, haptocorrin or transcobalamin-mediated transport, cellular uptake, and two enzymatic conversions (via methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA-mutase) into cofactor forms: methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. Vitamin B 12 deficiency can masquerade as a multitude of illnesses, presenting different perspectives from the point of view of the hematologist, neurologist, gastroenterologist, general physician, or dietician. Increased physician vigilance and heightened patient awareness often account for its early presentation, and testing sometimes occurs during a phase of vitamin B 12 insufficiency before the main onset of the disease. The chosen test often depends on its availability rather than on the diagnostic performance and sensitivity to irrelevant factors interfering with vitamin B 12 markers. Although serum B 12 is still the most commonly used and widely available test, diagnostics by holotranscobalamin, serum methylmalonic acid, and plasma homocysteine measurements have grown in the last several years in routine practice. The lack of a robust absorption test, coupled with compromised sensitivity and specificity of other tests (intrinsic factor and gastric parietal cell antibodies), hinders determination of the cause for depleted B 12 status. This can lead to incorrect supplementation regimes and uncertainty regarding later treatment. This review discusses currently available knowledge on vitamin B 12 , informs the reader about the pitfalls of tests for assessing its deficiency, reviews B 12 status in various populations at different disease stages, and provides recommendations for interpretation, treatment, and associated risks. Future directions for diagnostics of B 12 status and health interventions are also discussed.

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Determining Functional Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

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Vitamin B₁₂status in health and disease: a critical review. Diagnosis of deficiency and insufficiency – clinical and laboratory pitfalls

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Determining Functional Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels

Untitled

Vitamin B12status in health and disease: a critical review. Diagnosis of deficiency and insufficiency – clinical and laboratory pitfalls

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Vitamin B₁₂status in health and disease: a critical review. Diagnosis of deficiency and insufficiency – clinical and laboratory pitfalls