Determining the compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms and main nutrient interactions in 'Golden Delicious' apple on calcareous soils

Tadayon, Mohammad Saeed; Saghafi, Kobra; Sadeghi, Sohrab

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1980006/v1

2022

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1980006/v1

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Determining the compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms and main nutrient interactions in 'Golden Delicious' apple on calcareous soils

Mohammad Saeed Tadayon

Kobra Saghafi

Sohrab Sadeghi

Abstract: Balanced nutrition, especially under environmental stress have a great effect on improving the performance of fruit trees. Under such condition, establishing the leaf nutrient reference norms are essential to determining the nutritional balance in ‘Golden Delicious’ apple orchards. For this purpose, the leaf nutrient concentrations and yields of 81 commercial orchards were determined. The orchard's nutritional status was evaluated through the CND method and principal component analysis (PCA). The CND reference… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Nutritional Diagnosis of the Mineral Elements in Tainong Mango Leaves during Flowering in Karst Areas

Huang

et al. 2022

Land

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The balance of the mineral nutrition in mango leaves during the flowering period affects the flowering of mango trees and fruit production. Because the soil in karst areas has a slow and unbalanced supply rate of nutrients, mango orchards in a karst area generally have a low yield. There are few studies on the fertilization of mango orchards in karst areas, especially on the diagnosis of leaf mineral nutrition. In this study, mango orchards in the typical karst areas of Guangxi province, one of the main mango-producing areas in China, were selected from the low-yielding and medium-yielding mango orchards. Surface soil samples and leaf samples from mango orchards in full bloom were collected to test for macronutrients and micronutrients. The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) graphical method, the DRIS method, the Modified DRIS (M-DRIS), and the Deviation from Optimum Percentage (DOP) index diagnostic methods were applied to the leaves. The results showed that the DRIS graphical analysis yielded appropriate ratios of N, P, K, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu with the corresponding three elements, Ca, Zn, and B , which can be used as reference diagnostic criteria. Based on the values of the DRIS diagnostic criteria for high-yielding orchards, the critical ranges of the suitable values of the mineral nutrients in the Tainong mango leaves during flowering were determined as N (14.87–17.27 g/kg), P (0.69–0.89 g/kg), K (4.45–6.90 g/kg), Ca (9.51–16.55 g/kg), Mg (1.44–2.20 g/kg), S (0.75–1.06 g/kg), Fe (0.10–0.13 g/kg), Mn (0.61–1.02 g/kg), Cu (5.41–8.89 mg/kg), Zn (7.91–18.95 mg/kg), and B (8.38–16.23 mg/kg). The results of the DRIS, M-DRIS, and DOP index methods were analyzed to determine the order of the fertilizer requirements for the low-yielding orchards: Mg > Fe > S > Zn > B > Cu > K > N > P > Mn > Ca, and for the medium-yielding orchards: Mg > Fe > B > Zn > S > Cu > N > Mn > K > P > Ca. The soil and leaf correlation analysis showed that the soil exchangeable Ca and effective Fe were significantly negatively correlated. Leaf Ca and Fe elements had a mutually antagonistic effect, leaf Mn-rich contents inhibited the uptake of the Mg and Fe elements, and low-yielding orchards had an excess of Mn and a deficiency of Mg. We found that there is lack of the Mg and Fe, a low content of the S and B, and an excess of the Ca and Mn in the mango orchards of the Baise karst area. We suggested that the DRIS graphical method is suitable for the diagnosis of three nutrient elements, and either the DRIS or M-DRIS index method can be chosen. The present research can be used for the precise fertilization of mango orchards in karst areas to improve the yield and quality of local mango orchards.

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Nutritional Diagnosis of the Mineral Elements in Tainong Mango Leaves during Flowering in Karst Areas

Huang

et al. 2022

Land

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Diagnosis of nutrient imbalance and interactions in wheat and faba bean in Kharga Oasis, Egypt

Ali,

Abdelhamid,

El-Sadek

et al. 2023

JAEID

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Imbalanced nutrition has a major impact on crop productivity, particularly in hyper-arid environments, and precise interpretation is essential for designing appropriate nutrient management strategies. Compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) was used to identify nutritional imbalances of multiple nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) in wheat and faba bean cultivated in Kharga Oasis, Egypt. Significant nutrient interactions were also assessed using principal component analysis. Due to large differences in water and soil characteristics, wheat and faba bean yields from the surveyed area varied greatly, ranging from 2118 to 8211 and 1373 to 4962 kg ha-1, respectively. The CND indexes for the low-yield subpopulation of wheat were negative for P, Ca, and Zn, with average values of -0.82, -2.66, and -1.26, but positive for K, Mg, Fe, and Mn with average values of 4.80, 4.92, 1.70, and 0.57, respectively. In faba bean, N, P, Ca, and Zn were negative, with average values of -1.73, -0.67, -8.19, and -1.41, but K, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Cu were positive with average values of 2.62, 0.50, 1.32, 1.10, and 0.40, respectively. Synergistic interactions P-Zn and Mg-Fe, as well as antagonistic interactions P-Mg, P-Fe, Zn-Fe, Zn-Mg, Ca-Cu, N-Mn, Mn-Cu, and P-Ca, were evident from the principal component analysis of the data. This investigation reveals that the decline in crop yields in the study area is due to nutritional imbalance induced by a deficiency of Ca, Zn, and P and a surplus of Mg, K, Fe, and Mn, in addition to nutrient antagonism.

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Determining the compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms and main nutrient interactions in 'Golden Delicious' apple on calcareous soils

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Nutritional Diagnosis of the Mineral Elements in Tainong Mango Leaves during Flowering in Karst Areas

Nutritional Diagnosis of the Mineral Elements in Tainong Mango Leaves during Flowering in Karst Areas

Diagnosis of nutrient imbalance and interactions in wheat and faba bean in Kharga Oasis, Egypt

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