“…Botanic gardens offer unique contexts for transformative service innovations given their longstanding heritage and multifunctional nature as, first and foremost, research institutions, biodiversity conservation sites, places and spaces for education, and displays of special botanical collections. They also provide leisure, tourism, recreation, healthcare, and other spaces: a diverse cultural ecosystem of services [2,37,[41][42][43][44]. However, realizing the full transformative potential of botanic garden tourism requires overcoming persistent challenges related to access and inclusion, knowledge sharing, capacity, environmental sustainability and stewardship, impact assessment, and service-related opportunities in the areas and regions surrounding and connected to botanic gardens [12,13,[45][46][47].…”