Development and application of a colloidal carbon test strip for the detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma bovis

Abstract

Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is an important bovine mycoplasma implicated in economically important clinical diseases, such as respiratory diseases, otitis media, and mastitis. The prevalence of M. bovis-associated mastitis in both cattle and buffaloes has been increasingly recognized as a global problem. High morbidity rates and consequential economic losses have been devastating to the affected cattle and buffalo farms, especially those in developing countries. Therefore, a rapid and accurate method is urgently needed to detect M. bovis. In this study, a rapid and simple lateral flow strip for detecting antibodies against M. bovis was established that used carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as the labelled materials. The results from the test strip were highly consistent with those from ELISA. The test showed high specificity (100%) and no cross-reaction with other bovine pathogens. The detection sensitivity of the test was also relatively high (97.67%). All the results indicated that the colloidal carbon test strip could serve as a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic method for detecting antibodies against M. bovis at cattle farms.

Colorimetric Systems for the Detection of Bacterial Contamination: Strategy and Applications

“…The fifth route is based on NP accumulation reactions [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. This strategy has been generally used in flat substrate-based systems, such as the lateral flow assay (LFA), µ-paper-based analytical device (µ-PAD), and paper-based dipstick system [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. These systems rely on the capillary action of fluids and colored NPs.…”

“…The concentrated NPs act as colorimetric labels or color generation factors. Colored NPs used for colorimetric detection include AuNPs, silver NPs (AgNPs), and colloidal carbon [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Red AuNPs are one of the widely used colorimetric labels because of their bright color, high stability, and high biocompatibility [ 80 ].…”

“…Using this strip, as low as 0.5 ppm of SEB was visually detected within 15 min, with the linear range being 0 to 2 ppm. Colloidal carbon was used for the development of LIFA strips for detecting Mycoplasma bovis [ 79 ]. Colloidal carbon has some advantages, such as simple conjugation and stability.…”

“…Colloidal carbon has some advantages, such as simple conjugation and stability. Importantly, its bright-colored readout (black line on the white strip) leads to a high signal–background contrast, enhancing sensitivity [ 76 , 79 ]. In addition, the sensitivity could be enhanced by combining Au or Ag growth-mediated signal amplification methods, in which the in situ growth of NPs increased their size, thereby strengthening the signal readout [ 66 , 70 ].…”

Point-of-Care Diagnoses and Assays Based on Lateral Flow Test

“…Other types of nanoparticles can be also used for an LFT immunoassay. For instance, LFT based on carbon nanoparticles conjugated with p48 protein was developed for the diagnosis of mycoplasma caused by Mycoplasma bovis [39]. e assay exerted 100% specificity and no cross-reactivity with antibodies to other bovine pathogens.…”