Development and Applications of Compton Camera—A Review

Parajuli, Raj Kumar; Sakai, Makoto; Parajuli, Ramila; Tashiro, Mitsuru

doi:10.3390/s22197374

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 209 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Altogether, it is seen that the PoC scanner, which has superb spatial and energy resolutions, is an excellent building block for the construction of a Compton camera [49,50] with a large FOV for medical imaging, allowing a new imaging technique with the use of multiple isotopes simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking a moving point source using triple gamma imaging

Chmeissani,

Kolstein,

Ariño-Estrada

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With positron emission tomography (PET), the positron of a β + emitter radioisotope annihilates with a nearby electron producing a pair of back-to-back 511 keV gamma rays that can be detected in a scanner surrounding the point source. The position of the point source is somewhere along the Line of Response (LOR) that passes through the positions where the 511 keV gammas are detected. In standard PET, an image reconstruction algorithm is used to combine these LORs into a final image. This paper presents a new tomographic imaging technique to locate the position of a β + emitting point source without using a standard PET image reconstruction algorithm. The data were collected with a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) PET scanner which has high spatial and energy resolutions. The imaging technique presented in this paper uses events where a gamma undergoes Compton scattering. The positions and energies deposited by the Compton scattered gamma define the surface of a Compton cone (CC) which is the locus of all possible positions of the point source, allowed by the Compton kinematics. The position of the same point source is also located somewhere on the LOR. Therefore, the position of the point source is defined by the 3 gammas and is given by the intersection point of the LOR and the Compton cone inside the Field of View (FOV) of the scanner. We refer to this method as CC×LOR. This new technique can locate the point source with an uncertainty of about 1 mm, after collecting a minimum of 200 CC×LOR events.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking a moving point source using triple gamma imaging

Chmeissani,

Kolstein,

Ariño-Estrada

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two different algorithms are used for imaging. Compton imaging [15] [16] is used for photon energies from 250 keV to 3000 keV, with an angular resolution of ≈20° FWHM on the entire solid angle. Interactions due to Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption are detected and distinguished within the crystal (provided they happen in different pixels), as well as the energy deposited in each pixel (the total energy is assumed to be equal to the energy of the incoming photon).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Applications of State-of-the-Art Gamma-Ray Imaging Technique: From Nuclear Decommissioning and Radioprotection to Radiological Characterization and Safeguards

Gagliardi,

Lepore,

Meschini

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gamma-ray imaging is a powerful technique subjected to important research efforts in non-medical fields, providing information about the possible spatial distribution of radioactive materials emitting photons and potential contamination spots, in generic area survey or to specific components analysis. This capability opens up a range of possible applications in nuclear installations and radioactive waste management sites, where radiation survey protocols and also radiological characterization of items may be highly and positively impacted by this technique. In this work, a new-generation 3D pixelated CdZnTe gamma-ray imaging and spectrometry detector has been used in the context of the TRIGA RC-1 Research Reactor at the ENEA Casaccia Research Centre, as to test several applications where gamma-ray imaging can provide valuable information otherwise unknown (with equivalent level of accuracy and effort). Experiments carried out range from radiological survey, where hotspots are identified and radioactive items are sorted from conventional waste, to improvements in the quantification of gamma emitters via gamma spectrometry analysis; from safeguards and non-proliferation purposes (e.g., provide methods to assess the amount of Special Nuclear Material which remains fixed and unchanged in time) up to radiation protection issues (e.g., identification of unexpected contributions to personnel total exposure). The results obtained in this experimental campaign, as well as the validations provided by comparison with 'traditional' methods, demonstrate the applicability of state-of-the-art gammaray imaging systems to the presented tasks, with consequences that could positively impact the current radiation survey routines and radiological characterization protocols followed at ENEA TRIGA RC-1 as well as other installations.

show abstract

“…The concept of a Compton camera was initially proposed by Shenefeld in 1973 and subsequently tested in various applications, particularly in high-energy astrophysics and environmental radiation measurements, such as detecting radioactive elements in soil and open environments. The principle is that when γ-rays undergo Compton scattering with extranuclear electrons, angle information regarding the source of the radiation can be inferred from the scattering signal, allowing for the estimation of the location of the radiation source [176].…”

Section: Principle Of Image Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Technological Progress of CZT Array Detectors

Li,

Cheng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CdZnTe (CZT) is a new type of compound semiconductor that has emerged in recent years. Compared to other semiconductor materials, it possesses an ideal bandgap, high density, and high electron mobility, rendering it an excellent room-temperature composite semiconductor material for X-ray and γ-ray detectors. Due to the exceptional performance of CZT material, detectors manufactured using it exhibit high energy resolution, spatial resolution, and detection efficiency. They also have the advantage of operating at room temperature. CZT array detectors, furthermore, demonstrate outstanding spatial detection and three-dimensional imaging capabilities. Researchers worldwide have conducted extensive studies on this subject. This paper, building upon this foundation, provides a comprehensive analysis of CZT crystals and CZT array detectors and summarizes existing research to offer valuable insights for envisioning new detector methodologies.

show abstract

Development and Applications of Compton Camera—A Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 209 publications

Tracking a moving point source using triple gamma imaging

Tracking a moving point source using triple gamma imaging

Novel Applications of State-of-the-Art Gamma-Ray Imaging Technique: From Nuclear Decommissioning and Radioprotection to Radiological Characterization and Safeguards

Research on the Technological Progress of CZT Array Detectors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About