Development and bench testing of a multi-spectral imaging technology built on a smartphone platform

Bolton, Frank J.; Weiser, Reuven; Kass, Alex J.; Rose, D.; Safir, Amit; Levitz, David

doi:10.1117/12.2218694

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This makes it feasible in every situation around the world for cervical cancer screening with the benefit of being used even in low resource settings and remote areas by trained medical personnel. It also has mirroring capabilities to desktop, laptop or screen and even a smartphone [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Role of Portable Colposcope (Gynocular) for Diagnosis of Pre-Invasive Lesions of Cervix

Singh

Negi

Sharma

et al. 2020

Indian J Gynecol Oncolog

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Introduction Colposcopy-guided biopsy is the standard method to diagnose cervical pre-invasive lesions. However, standard colposcopes are expensive, require lot of space and depend on electricity for its use. A mobile version of colposcope (Gynocular) has been recently introduced which overcomes such issues. We conducted this study to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Gynocular for cervical intraepithelial lesions. Materials and Methods This cross sectional study was conducted over one year in a tertiary care referral centre in North India. Total 222 women with abnormal Pap smear were included. To avoid observer bias, Gynocular and standard colposcope examinations were performed by two different observers at different places. Patients with swede score 5 or above by standard colposcopy were subjected to biopsy. Kappa statistics was applied for analysing correlation of swede score by the two methods and diagnostic efficacies were calculated with histopathology as gold standard. Results 100 women had swede score of 5 or above with Gynocular and 86 of these had high swede score on colposcopy also. Histopathology was available for these 86 women. Both colposcopy methods were in strong agreement (Kappa = 0.795; p \ 0.001) for swede scoring. HPE showed CIN 1 in 13.95%, CIN 2 in 4.65%, CIN3 in 6.98% and invasive cancer in 13.95% women. The HPE based sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values for Gynocular(100%, 61%, 100% and 22% respectively) were comparable with Standard colposcope. Conclusions Gynocular has comparable diagnostic accuracy with standard colposcope in diagnosing CIN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Role of Portable Colposcope (Gynocular) for Diagnosis of Pre-Invasive Lesions of Cervix

Singh

Negi

Sharma

et al. 2020

Indian J Gynecol Oncolog

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“…Bolton et al. 51 and Cavalcanti et al. 59 used 3D printing to create custom smartphone-based spectral colposcope and otoscope, respectively.…”

Section: Low-cost and Compact Spectral Camerasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many bioimaging researchers use compact and ultracompact cameras in both laboratory settings and clinical settings. Systems have been built for light-field microscopes, 32 , 43 , 47 , 60 confocal imaging microscope, 229 , 230 fundus cameras, 54 , 55 endoscopes, 46 , 48 , 56 , 140 , 200 , 231 laparoscope, 63 , 65 , 66 , 70 colposcope, 51 , 52 and otoscope. 59 Spectral imaging for biomedical purposes has its own specifications that influence the choice of systems.…”

Section: Applications Of Compact Spectral Cameras In Biomedical Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This aspect means that it is possible for researchers to use PLA to build biomedical components in their spectral cameras. 51,59 However, PLA has some structural downsides. PLAs are known to shrink during printing; Sigernes et al 85 suggested that the actual design is 1% to 2% larger than intended so the optical components can fit.…”

Section: Mechanical Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compact and ultracompact spectral imagers: technology and applications in biomedical imaging

Tran

Fei

2023

J. Biomed. Opt.

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. Significance Spectral imaging, which includes hyperspectral and multispectral imaging, can provide images in numerous wavelength bands within and beyond the visible light spectrum. Emerging technologies that enable compact, portable spectral imaging cameras can facilitate new applications in biomedical imaging. Aim With this review paper, researchers will (1) understand the technological trends of upcoming spectral cameras, (2) understand new specific applications that portable spectral imaging unlocked, and (3) evaluate proper spectral imaging systems for their specific applications. Approach We performed a comprehensive literature review in three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science). We included only fully realized systems with definable dimensions. To best accommodate many different definitions of “compact,” we included a table of dimensions and weights for systems that met our definition. Results There is a wide variety of contributions from industry, academic, and hobbyist spaces. A variety of new engineering approaches, such as Fabry–Perot interferometers, spectrally resolved detector array (mosaic array), microelectro-mechanical systems, 3D printing, light-emitting diodes, and smartphones, were used in the construction of compact spectral imaging cameras. In bioimaging applications, these compact devices were used for in vivo and ex vivo diagnosis and surgical settings. Conclusions Compact and ultracompact spectral imagers are the future of spectral imaging systems. Researchers in the bioimaging fields are building systems that are low-cost, fast in acquisition time, and mobile enough to be handheld.

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“…Beam uniformity across LEDs was achieved using LEDs with a wide illumination angle without any focusing optics in the illumination path. 34 In addition to spectral illumination, there was also a white LED (Cree XLamp) used to illuminate the tissue when the spectral LEDs were turned off (i.e., in preview mode), providing a view of the tissue to position the system properly; a white LED was also integrated into the multispectral PCB but not used in the analyses. This preview mode white LED was mounted separately, with its own PCB.…”

Section: System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable, low-cost multispectral imaging system: design, development, validation, and utilization

Bolton

Bernat²,

Bar-Am³

et al. 2018

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Optical spectral images can be used to estimate the amount of bulk absorbers in tissues, specifically oxy-and deoxyhemoglobin, as well as scattering parameters. Most systems that capture spectral image data are large, heavy, and expensive. This paper presents a full end-to-end analysis of a low-cost reflectance-mode multispectral imaging system operating in the visible and near-infrared spectra. The system consists of 13 LEDs mounted on a printed circuit board, a monochrome machine vision camera, and a tablet computer to control the hardware. The bill of materials for the system is less than $1000. Hardware design and implementation are detailed. Calibration, image capture, and preprocessing are also discussed. In validation experiments, excellent agreement is observed in diffuse reflectance measurements between the spectral camera setup and a spectrometer. To demonstrate that such spectral image data can yield meaningful optical measurements in vivo, the forearms of eight volunteers are imaged in the system. Their data are then analyzed to estimate the tissue optical properties of different skin layers using a Monte Carlo lookup table. In three volunteers, spectral images are captured before and after inducing erythema using a warm wet towel. Across the three subjects, a clear increase in the blood content of the superficial plexus layer was observed as a result of the erythema. Collectively, these findings suggest that a low-cost system can capture accurate spectral data and that clinically meaningful information can be derived from it.

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Development and bench testing of a multi-spectral imaging technology built on a smartphone platform

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Diagnostic Role of Portable Colposcope (Gynocular) for Diagnosis of Pre-Invasive Lesions of Cervix

Diagnostic Role of Portable Colposcope (Gynocular) for Diagnosis of Pre-Invasive Lesions of Cervix

Compact and ultracompact spectral imagers: technology and applications in biomedical imaging

Portable, low-cost multispectral imaging system: design, development, validation, and utilization

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