Development and characterization of multiple emulsions for controlled release ofTrichilia catigua(Catuaba) extract

Abstract

Considering the antioxidant activity of the Trichilia catigua extract (TCE), the aim of the current study was to develop and characterize W/O/W multiple emulsions containing different vegetable oils as a platform to deliver a TCE. The extract displayed antioxidant activity (IC) of 4.59 µg/mL and total phenol content (TPC) of 50.84%. Formulations were prepared by the phase-inversion emulsification method and analyzed for morphological appearance, pH, conductivity, droplet size and distribution, content of active, rheological properties, in vitro release, skin permeation, and stability. Formulations prepared with canola oil were selected and displayed regular morphology, mean diameter 2.77 µm (without TCE), 3.07 µm with 0.5% and 3.23 µm with 1.0% TCE. Rheometry (flow) showed pseudoplastic behavior with minimal thixotropy for both systems. TCE could be released from emulsions containing 1.0% and 0.5% TCE in a controlled manner for 16 and 23 h, respectively. The emulsions allowed good retention of TCE in the skin (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis). In a 180-d assessment of accelerated chemical stability, TPC was more reduced for the emulsions at 40 °C; other parameters remained stable. Multiple emulsions containing TCE were developed, exhibited good characteristics, and may be considered for future investigations as anti-aging formulations for the skin.

Encapsulating plant ingredients for dermocosmetic application: an updated review of delivery systems and characterization techniques

“…Recently, there have been an increasing number of studies exploring multilayer emulsions as a carrier system to stabilize natural ingredients for cosmetic skin delivery. Novel W/O/W type emulsions loaded with catuaba ( Trichilia catigua ) extract , Sphaeranthus indicus flower extract or mixed herbal extracts have been developed with good stability and other characteristics suitable for cosmetic uses.…”

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“…Cumulative amount of drug permeated per unit area versus time graph was plotted, and transdermal flux (J) was calculated from the slope of linear portion [ Figure 2]. [11][12][13][14] …”