Development and characterization of reference materials for trace element analysis of keratinized matrices

Tehrani, Mina W.; Yang, Karl X.; Parsons, Patrick J.

doi:10.1007/s00216-020-02432-y

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This requires the use of a set of known standards, and therefore would be well suited to applications with new CRMs for nail such as those described above. 52 Analysis of pXRF energy spectra from nails or nail clippings has to this point proceeded outside of this type of empirical mode, with researchers choosing to perform their own spectral analysis using similar principles to arrive at elemental results. A challenge here is finding a suitable method to account for the different sample masses, which will be interrogated when analyzing different samples.…”

Section: Normalization Of Elemental Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 It has been highlighted by one recent study that while CRMs derived from human hair exist, their use for applications relating to nails may not be appropriate. 52 There is, however, a newly available reference material derived from caprine horn, which has been shown to be commutable to human nails for eight elements: Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn. 52 Moreover, the reference material concentrations from many of these elements are similar to what would be expected in human nail.…”

Section: Validation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52 There is, however, a newly available reference material derived from caprine horn, which has been shown to be commutable to human nails for eight elements: Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn. 52 Moreover, the reference material concentrations from many of these elements are similar to what would be expected in human nail. This development is therefore timely and a study or series of studies using this reference material with pXRF should be a top priority.…”

Section: Validation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would be completed as part of a larger program testing the underlying assumptions of the method and describing its performance 51 . It has been highlighted by one recent study that while CRMs derived from human hair exist, their use for applications relating to nails may not be appropriate 52 . There is, however, a newly available reference material derived from caprine horn, which has been shown to be commutable to human nails for eight elements: Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn 52 .…”

Section: Emerging Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative approach, available with many pXRF systems, is the use of an empirical calibration mode. This requires the use of a set of known standards, and therefore would be well suited to applications with new CRMs for nail such as those described above 52 . Analysis of pXRF energy spectra from nails or nail clippings has to this point proceeded outside of this type of empirical mode, with researchers choosing to perform their own spectral analysis using similar principles to arrive at elemental results.…”

Section: Emerging Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The measurement of trace elements in human nails and nail clippings using portable X‐ray fluorescence: A review

Fleming

2021

X-Ray Spectrometry

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The copyright line for this article was changed on 24 June 2021 after original online publication.A variety of biomarkers are available for the assessment of human exposure to, and absorption of, trace elements. The measurement of trace elements in nail or nail clippings offers some benefits relative to other body sites. Typically, concentrations of elements are assessed in clippings, using high precision methods such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or instrumental neutron activation analysis. Over the last decade, portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) has emerged as a novel method with potential advantages for the measurement of trace elements in nail and nail clippings. This review paper examines early developments and recent work in the use of pXRF to measure elements such as As, Se, Mn, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Hg in nails and nail clippings. While initial pXRF studies were limited to the use of nail phantoms and nail clipping phantoms, more recent work has applied the pXRF method with real nail clippings and nails. Results have been promising, but a number of issues have emerged requiring additional attention. These relate to the analysis of X-ray spectra, selection of X-ray beam for excitation, method validation and normalization, and practical aspects of study design. With consideration of these issues, pXRF offers significant potential to provide a straightforward, economical, and rapid measurement approach to help improve our understanding of trace element exposure and related health outcomes.

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Section: Normalization Of Elemental Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%