Development and initial validation of the Exercise Sensitivity Questionnaire

Measurement properties of assessment tools of Kinesophobia in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review

“…Six instruments, specifically developed or translated for assessing fear of exercise in patients with CVD, were identified [ 14 , 15 , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] ]. Table 1 presents the basic characteristics of these studies, published between 1993 and 2023, with study sites in countries including the United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden, Turkey, and China.…”

“…Table 1 presents the basic characteristics of these studies, published between 1993 and 2023, with study sites in countries including the United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden, Turkey, and China. Three PROMs (The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart [TSK Heart], Exercise Sensitivity Questionnaire [ESQ], Fear of Activity in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease [FACT-CAD]) were available in multiple languages [ [14] , [23] , [24] , [26] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] ]. Lei et al.…”

“…Table 2 displays the methodological and measurement attribute quality ratings. Regarding PROMs development, six studies did not adequately report the development process of the scale in terms of relevance, comprehensiveness, and understanding, leading to a “doubtful” assessment of their methodological quality [ 15 , 25 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 38 ].…”

“… NA/NA TSK-CV Heart [ 34 ] NA Adequate/+ Very good/+ Very good/+ NA/NA Adequate/? NA/NA NA/NA NA/NA NA/NA ESQ [ 35 ] Doubtful Doubtful/? Adequate/+ Very good/+ NA/NA NA/NA NA/NA NA/NA Doubtful/?…”

“…According to the COSMIN guidelines, validated factor analysis is recommended for evaluating structural validity. Eleven studies used only exploratory factor analysis and were rated “adequate” in methodological quality [ 15 , [24] , [25] , [26] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [35] , [36] , [37] , 39 ]. All other studies, except for Ter Hoeve’s, performed validated factor analyses with adequate sample sizes and were thus rated very good.…”