Development and optimization of a plunger assisted solvent extraction method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons sampled onto multi-channel silicone rubber traps

Munyeza, Chiedza F.; Dikale, Onkarabile; Rohwer, Egmont Richard; Forbes, Patricia B.C.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.053

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The use of basic apparatus such as a separatory funnel and rotary evaporator, along with a suitable nonpolar solvent, such as hexane, dichloromethane, or mixture of both, have been used to isolate PAHs from water (Gong, Wilke, Alef, Li, & Zhou, 2006). This technique often involves SPE or gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with different adsorbent phases, while others include membrane‐based extractions such as liquid‐phase micro‐extractions and membrane‐assisted extraction (Egli, Butler, & Bottaro, 2015; Hussain et al, 2018; Martinez, Gros, Lacorte, & Barceló, 2004; Munyeza, Dikale, Rohwer, & Forbes, 2018). The selective removal of PAHs from water has been optimized and over 90 % extraction efficiency has been recorded, as well as the capacity of SPE to isolate target PAHs in trace amounts (Egli et al, 2015).…”

Section: Extraction and Membrane Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in water treatment technologies for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Existing concepts, emerging trends, and future prospects

Adeola

Forbes

2020

Water Environment Research

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In the last two decades, environmental experts have focused on the development of several biological, chemical, physical, and thermal methods/technologies for remediation of PAH‐polluted water. Some of the findings have been applied to field‐scale treatment, while others have remained as prototypes and semi‐pilot studies. Existing treatment options include extraction, chemical oxidation, bioremediation, photocatalytic degradation, and adsorption (employing adsorbents such as biomass derivatives, geosorbents, zeolites, mesoporous silica, polymers, nanocomposites, and graphene‐based materials). Electrokinetic remediation, advanced phytoremediation, green nanoremediation, enhanced remediation using biocatalysts, and integrated approaches are still at the developmental stage and hold great potential. Water is an essential component of the ecosystem and highly susceptible to PAH contamination due to crude oil exploration and spillage, and improper municipal and industrial waste management, yet comprehensive reviews on PAH remediation are only available for contaminated soils, despite the several treatment methods developed for the remediation of PAH‐polluted water. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging methods/technologies, in order to bridge information gaps toward ensuring a green and sustainable remedial approach for PAH‐contaminated aqueous systems. Practitioner points Comprehensive review of existing and emerging technologies for remediation of PAH‐polluted water. Factors influencing efficiency of various methods, challenges and merits were discussed. Green nano‐adsorbents, nano‐oxidants and bio/phytoremediation are desirous for ecofriendly and economical PAH remediation. Adoption of an integrated approach for the efficient and sustainable remediation of PAH‐contaminated water is recommended.

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Section: Extraction and Membrane Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in water treatment technologies for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Existing concepts, emerging trends, and future prospects

Adeola

Forbes

2020

Water Environment Research

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“…The chemicals and reagents used in the present study are detailed in the Supplemental Data. Sample extraction was based on a PASE method previously developed (Munyeza et al 2018). In brief, the samples were taken out of the freezer and thawed to room temperature.…”

Section: Extraction Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of gas-phase samples was based on the method previously developed (Munyeza et al 2018) as described in the Supplemental Data. The PAHs were identified using retention times, verified by GC (Agilent 6890) connected to an MS (Agilent 5975C) and quantified from peak area responses using the internal standard method.…”

Section: Characterization and Quantification Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Gaseous Emissions from Household Cooking Devices: A Kenyan Case Study

Munyeza

Aloys

Maghanga

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In developing countries, household energy use is highly variable and complex, yet emissions arising from fuel combustion indoors are typically poorly quantified. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are emitted during the combustion of organic fuels such as charcoal and biomass. In the present study, multichannel polydimethylsiloxane rubber traps were used for gas‐phase PAH sampling and extracted using a low–solvent volume plunger‐assisted solvent extraction method. Sixteen US Environmental Protection Agency priority PAHs, primarily in the gas phase, were investigated in indoor air of rural and urban residential homes in coastal Kenya (Mombasa and Taita Taveta Counties) using typical combustion devices of each area. Average gaseous PAH concentrations per household were higher in rural (ranging 0.81–6.09 µg m–3) compared to urban (ranging 0–2.59 µg m–3) homes, although ambient PAH concentrations were higher in urban environments, likely attributable to traffic contributions. The impact of fuel choice and thereby combustion device on PAH emissions was very clear, with the highest concentrations of PAHs quantified from wood‐burning emissions from 3‐stone stoves (total PAH averages 46.23 ± 3.24 µg m–3 [n = 6]). Average benzo[a]pyrene equivalent total concentrations were evaluated for the priority PAHs and ranged from not detected to 43.31, 88.38, 309.61, and 453.88 ng m–3 for gas, kerosene, jiko, 3‐stone, and improved 3‐stone stoves, respectively. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:538–547. © 2019 SETAC

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“…Thermal desorption of atmospheric analytes sampled onto sorbents may provide a number of these advantages; however, it is costly and may not offer the possibility of reanalysis of samples. A cost-effective alternative for PAHs sampled onto multichannel silicone rubber traps, for example, is the use of a plunger assisted solvent extraction (PASE) method, which is fast (2 min extraction) and simple and uses a small solvent volume (2 mL per sample) …”

Section: Sample Preparation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A costeffective alternative for PAHs sampled onto multichannel silicone rubber traps, for example, is the use of a plunger assisted solvent extraction (PASE) method, which is fast (2 min extraction) and simple and uses a small solvent volume (2 mL per sample). 43 As mentioned in Biomonitors of Air Pollution, the speciation of inorganic atmospheric species is of relevance in terms of atmospheric chemistry as well as environmental fate. Sample collection and extraction processes can greatly impact the integrity of the chemical species, as has been found with soluble iodine in atmospheric aerosols, for example.…”

Section: ■ Sample Preparation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry Analysis: A Review

Forbes

2019

Anal. Chem.

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Development and optimization of a plunger assisted solvent extraction method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons sampled onto multi-channel silicone rubber traps

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Advances in water treatment technologies for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Existing concepts, emerging trends, and future prospects

Advances in water treatment technologies for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Existing concepts, emerging trends, and future prospects

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Gaseous Emissions from Household Cooking Devices: A Kenyan Case Study

Atmospheric Chemistry Analysis: A Review

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