Development and optimization of the equations of the mixed BLUP model for the evaluation of the breed value of bulls-producers of the golstin black-motioned breed of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

The relevance of research. Currently the methodological base for assessing the breeding qualities of bulls-producers of dairy and milk-meat breeds by the quality of offspring is carried out in accordance with the Instruction approved by the MA of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2007. The principle of assessment, set out in the Instruction, is to compare the phenotypic indicators of the offspring with each other according to the principle of “peer daughter”. Although this document was approved already in the XXI century, nevertheless the basic approaches, which were put the basis, were developed in the first half of the last century and currently do not correspond to modern scientific principles. At the same time the world leaders in the field of breeding in dairy cattle breeding have been successfully using the BLUP method in breeding practice to assess the breeding qualities of animals for decades. This principle of assessing the breeding value of bulls is the most theoretically grounded and allows you to obtain results comparable to each other. Therefore the development and optimization of the equations of mixed BLUP models is extremely relevant for the conditions of the Republic of Kazakhstan from both scientific and practical points of view.Material and research methods. The material of the research was the data on the phenotypic indicators of the signs of milk productivity of first-calf cows of the Holstein black-and-white breed obtained from the republican database of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016-2017. As a criterion for choosing the best equation the residual variance values of each model under study were used.Results: when improving the method for assessing bulls-sires of the Holstein black-and-white breed according to the quality of offspring, out of the four studied equations of the mixed BLUP model one equation was optimized to assess the breeding qualities of the sires. In principle, to assess the breeding qualities of producers by the quality of offspring it is possible to use any of the models under consideration, since the established differences for all analyzed characteristics of milk productivity are insignificant (no more than 6%)

Application of sexed semen of sires in breeding farms of Kaluga region

“…This issue is relevant not only for agricultural enterprises of the Russian Federation, but also for foreign ones too, as a difficult problem of extended reproduction of the herd has appeared [10,11]. In such conditions, it is difficult to count on a significant increase in the breeding stock at the expense of own resources [12,13]. It is expensive to purchase herd replacements (especially in foreign countries).…”

Innovative approaches to the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Kaluga region

“…In dairy cattle breeding, under the influence of many factors, one of the problems is the realization of the already created sufficiently high genetic potential of dairy productivity of cows [9,10]. In recent decades, great results have been achieved in animal genetics, as well as the use of sexed seed, which has helped to expand the selection possibilities of bulls with high genetic productivity potential and, accordingly, accelerate the pace of genetic improvement of entire populations [11][12][13].…”

Influence of inbreeding degree on the milk yield efficiency

“…For this, the semen of the best servicing Holstein bulls of foreign selection is purchased. Long holsteinization provided the positive results, it created the highly productive herds of Black-and-White dairy cattle, but it also increased the level of inbreeding [14][15][16][17]. In herds of some dairy farms in the region the number of cows born from closely related inbreeding achieved 85 and more percent of the total number of cows.…”