Currently, a mountain railway system using existing mountain roads is being developed in Korea. Considering the alignment of domestic mountain roads with many sharp curves, the maximum radius of curvature of the mountain railway is about 10 m. Therefore, the 50 N rail applied to the track structure of the mountain railway must be manufactured with a radius of curvature of 10 m at the factory. In this study, the material properties of 50 N Rails were analyzed through indoor tests and the behavioral characteristics according to bending processing (R = 10 m) were analyzed to evaluate their applicability to sharp curves on mountain railways.