Development and population growth of Stephanitis pyri (F.) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) at five temperatures

Abstract

Pear lace bug, Stephanitis pyri (F.) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) is a pest of apple and pear trees and ornamental Rosaceae plants in Mediterranean countries and palearctic region. The aim of this study is to determine the eVects of temperatures on S. pyri in the laboratory. Development and fecundity of S. pyri reared on apple leaves (Pyrus malus L.) were investigated at Wve constant temperatures (20, 23, 26, 29 and 32 § 1°C) and a 16L:8D photoperiod. Longevity was determined to be 12.6 days at 32°C and 58.7 days at 20°C for females, and 9.7 and 37.7 days for males. Females laid 186.9 eggs per female with the highest number achieved during 28.5 days of oviposition period at 26°C. Female lifetime fecundity was reduced at 32°C (40.0 eggs per female). While the net reproductive rate (R 0 ) was highest at 26°C, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m ) was highest at both 26 and 32°C. The mean generation time (G) was estimated to be 27.2-78.4 days at 20 and 32°C, respectively. The longest development times for egg and total nymph stages were obtained as 22.0 and 24.9 days, respectively, at 20°C. S. pyri developed fastest from egg to egg in 24.3 days at 32°C. The lower developmental threshold (T 0 ) was 9.7°C and the thermal constant (K) was 517.3 degree-days for S. pyri. Thus, S. pyri is calculated to have 3.8 theoretical generations in Tekirdag. The optimum developmental temperature for S. pyri was 26°C.

Spread of and Damage by an Exotic Lacebug,Corythuca ciliata(Say, 1832) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), in China

“…(Braman and Pendley 1993;Rédei et al 2004;Bernardinelli 2006) and some other Tingidae species, like Stephanitis sp. (Braman et al 1992;Shrewsbury and Raupp 2000;Klingeman et al 2001;Stewart et al 2002;Aysal and Kıvan 2008), in the USA and Eastern Europe. Forecasting models based on heat accumulation units should be developed for C. ciliata like those reported for the pear lace bug, Stephanitis pyri (Aysal and Kıvan 2008).…”

“…(Braman et al 1992;Shrewsbury and Raupp 2000;Klingeman et al 2001;Stewart et al 2002;Aysal and Kıvan 2008), in the USA and Eastern Europe. Forecasting models based on heat accumulation units should be developed for C. ciliata like those reported for the pear lace bug, Stephanitis pyri (Aysal and Kıvan 2008). Such models for predicting insect development are important for insect control, which can improve the timing of pesticide application with minimal use of pesticides (Ascerno 1991).…”

Is There a Link between Developmental Rate and Occasional Dominance of the Oleander Mealybug,Paracoccus burnerae(Brain) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on Citrus in South Africa?

“…Developmental time means were used in both linear and nonlinear regression models. This approach has also been adopted by Infante (2000); Walton & Pringle (2004); Aysal & Kivan (2008) and Blomefield & Giliomee (2009). The number of degree-days (DD) needed for development by both species was calculated using DD=1/b, where b is the slope of the regression equation.…”

Development of the Oleander Mealybug,Paracoccus burnerae(Brain) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on Citrus at Five Temperatures

“…Linear models are good for estimation of the developmental thermal constant (Kontodimas et al 2004). Both thermal constant (K) and lower developmental threshold (T0) are frequently employed to explain insect development dependence on temperature (Aysal & Kivan 2008). Complex and theoretically advantageous models have been used to depict the nonlinear relationship between rate of development and temperature (Jones et al 2005).…”

“…Life tables are especially important in understanding age dynamics of adult populations studied under controlled laboratory conditions (Aysal & Kivan 2008) and in tackling the issue of life expectancy when affected by environmental changes (Pilkington & Hoddle 2007).…”