Development and Psychometric Analysis of the Revised Patient Perceptions of Integrated Care Survey

Abstract

This article describes the development and psychometric testing of the Patient Perceptions of Integrated Care (PPIC 2.1) survey, which we administered to 12,364 Medicare beneficiaries who received treatment from 150 randomly selected physician organizations, receiving 3,067 responses (26%). Psychometric analyses, performed using two methods to adjust for respondent inherent optimism (as a measure of response tendency), supported a 6-factor, 22-item model with excellent fit. These factors were (1) Staff Knowledge about the Patient’s Medical History, (2) Provider Support for the Patient’s Self-Directed Care, (3) Test Result Communication, (4) Provider Knowledge of the Patient, (5) Provider Support for Medication Adherence and Home Health Management, and (6) Specialist Knowledge about the Patient’s Medical History. Per Spearman-Brown prophesy calculations, reliability would exceed 0.7 for all factors at 33 or more responses per organization. The PPIC 2.1 survey can distinguish six dimensions of integrated patient care with high physician organization-level reliability at reasonable sample sizes.

Patients’ Perceptions of Integrated Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries by Level of Need for Health Services

“…Moreover, research suggests that patient perceptions of integrated care are associated with health care utilization and may moderate clinical outcomes (Fryer et al, 2017). Previous work (Friedberg et al, 2019;Singer et al, 2013) A variety of factors may influence patients' perceptions of integrated care, including patients' general level of optimism, self-reported health status, caregiver availability, and patient activation. Optimism has been linked to better subjective well-being (Carver et al, 2010), which can increase patients' perceptions of care (Kerrissey et al, 2017).…”

“…Moreover, research suggests that patient perceptions of integrated care are associated with health care utilization and may moderate clinical outcomes (Fryer et al, 2017). Previous work (Friedberg et al, 2019; Singer et al, 2013) on patients’ perceptions of integrated care has validated six psychometrically derived dimensions of integrated care from patient surveys:…”

Patient experiences and perspectives of health service access for carpal tunnel syndrome in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Normalisation Process Theory-informed qualitative study

“…Interview questions were generated from existing quality of care evaluation instruments. 33,34 The New Zealand Māori holistic health framework of Te Whare Tapa Whā [four-pillared house], 35 represented by a locally developed visual tool 36 was offered to invite participants to re ect on their CT story and its impact across four pillars of health: physical, spiritual, thoughts and feelings, and family/community.…”

The dynamics of integration and integrated care

“…The sample of 13 POs was selected based on a survey of PPIC and information about the structural characteristics of the POs where survey respondents received care. The survey data were drawn from a validated national survey that distinguishes seven dimensions of integrated patient care (Friedberg et al, 2021; Kerrissey et al, 2017; Singer et al, 2011; Singer et al, 2013). These include patient perceptions of (a) provider knowledge about the patient, (b) staff knowledge of the patient’s medical history, (c) specialist knowledge of the patient’s medical history, (d) provider support for self-directed care, (e) provider support for medication and home health management, (f) test result communication, and (g) provider support and knowledge following hospitalization.…”