Development and validation of a nomogram prognostic model for patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus

Tang, Jia-Yu; Gao, Hui; Shi, Guodong; Guo, Xiaokang; Yu, Weifeng; Wang, Huafeng; Wei, Yucheng

doi:10.1111/1759-7714.13556

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In clinical practice, there is a need to predict the risk of VTE with greater accuracy, thus urgently warranting the development of specific risk assessment models for gynecological tumors. Nomogram is a practical and visualization tool useful for identifying high-risk patients and quantifying individual risk [34]. Considering this feature, we developed a nomogram model that can predict the occurrence of VTE in patients with gynecological malignancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nomogram model to predict the venous thromboembolism risk after surgery in patients with gynecological tumors

Wang

Wei

Zhou

et al. 2021

Thrombosis Research

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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common post-surgical complication of gynecological malignant tumors that has serious implications on the prognosis and quality-of-life of patients. However, there exists only a few recognized specific evaluation models for the occurrence of VTE after gynecological malignant tumor surgery. We aimed to establish a nomogram model that could predict the probability of post-surgical VTE in patients with gynecological malignancies. Methods: We collected the clinical information of 673 patients who underwent surgery for gynecological malignant tumor in our hospital between January 2014 and May 2020. To reduce bias from confounding factors between groups, a 1:1 ratio propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed; meanwhile, univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to analyze the risk factors of VTE after surgeries. A nomogram prediction model was accordingly established and internally validated. Results: The predictors contained in the nomogram model included age, D-dimer value, body mass index (BMI), and surgical approach. The C-index of the model was 0.721 (95% confidence interval: 0.644-0.797), with good discrimination and calibration effect. The internally verified C-index value was 0.916. Decision curve analysis confirmed that the nomogram model was clinically useful when the incidence of thrombosis in patients was 10-75%. Conclusions: Considering the risk factors of VTE after surgery for gynecological malignant tumor, a highperformance nomogram model was established and then validated to provide individual risk assessment and guide treatment decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nomogram model to predict the venous thromboembolism risk after surgery in patients with gynecological tumors

Wang

Wei

Zhou

et al. 2021

Thrombosis Research

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“…Currently, only over 500 cases have been reported domestically and internationally [9][10][11][12][13] . In the 2015 WHO classi cation of thymic tumors,thymic neuroendocrine tumors are divided into 5 subtypes: typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, thymic carcinoma combined with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and thymic carcinoma combined with small cell carcinoma.This study summarizes over 500 cases of thymic neuroendocrine tumors reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent thymic carcinoma treated with anterior median thoracotomy, innominate vein replacement for superior vena cava, and iodide implantation: A case report and review of the literature

Chen,

Qu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Thymic neuroendocrine tumors are rare malignant tumors with neuroendocrine functions located in the anterior mediastinum thymic region. They exhibit a high degree of malignancy and can early invade surrounding fat,pericardium, pleura, major blood vessels, and lungs,posing a significant risk of recurrence.Here, we report a case of recurrent thymic cancer treated with complete surgical resection, replacement of the innominate vein, superior vena cava formation, and iodine ion insertion.A 51-year-old male diagnosed with stage lllA malignant thymoma in November 2021, accompanied by lymph node metastasis,involving the peripheral left lung.The patient underwent six cycles of adjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab and cisplatin plus etoposide, along with one course of radiotherapy postoperatively.Subsequently, the patient received regular immunotherapy and follow-up at our hospital. In October 2023,chest CT revealed tumor recurrence, with infiltration into the pericardium, bilateral innominate veins, superior vena cava, and brachiocephalic artery.Subsequently, the patient underwent a midline thoracotomy for extensive resection of recurrent thymic tumor,enlargement of pericardial resection, left innominate vein-to-right atrial artificial grafting,superior vena cava formation,and iodine-125radioisotope brachytherapy.Aggressive surgical intervention combined with adjuvant therapy is an essential treatment modality for locally advanced thymic cancer involving the superior vena cava and surrounding blood vessels.

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“…The most important prognostic factors include tumor size, tumor stage, grade of tumor differentiation, surgical resectability, and surgical margin ( 2 , 8 , 14 , 24 , 31 , 37 ). Tang et al developed a nomogram prognostic model that could predict OS of thymic neuroendocrine tumors, consisting of T stage, tumor grade, surgical resectability, and whether the patient received chemotherapy, and found that their model had better authentication capability than Masaoka-Koga and TNM staging system ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of intermediate to high grade thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms: case series of five patients and literature review

Huang¹,

Sun²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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Background: Thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms (Th-NENs) are extremely rare. Th-NENs are divided into four pathological subtypes: typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and small cell carcinoma (SCC). The latter three subtypes are highly aggressive with poor prognosis. There are limited reports on the optimal surgical strategies for Th-NENs. This study aims to report a case series of Th-NENs after surgical treatment and review the literatures.Methods: We report a case series of five patients diagnosed with Th-NENs and summarize their clinical characteristics. Literatures related to surgical treatment of Th-NENs were reviewed.Results: There were three males and two females, and mean age was 53.6 years. No myasthenia gravis or neuroendocrine symptoms were found. Three patients were diagnosed with AC and the other two were diagnosed with LCNEC. Two patients were stage II-b, one patient was stage III-a, and two patients were stage IV-b. One patient received preoperative chemotherapy, one patient received preoperative chemoradiotherapy, and three patients underwent surgery directly. Two patients underwent extended thymectomy via VATS, two patients underwent extended thymectomy via median sternotomy, and one patient underwent resection of anterior mediastinal tumor, sternal metastases, superior vena cava and partial right atrium via median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass. R0 resection was achieved in 80% (4/5) of patients. There was no postoperative 90-day complication and death. One patient had no recurrence. One patient had lymph node metastases and was still alive after somatostatin analogue therapy. One patient had no recurrence of Th-NENs but died of other tumors. Two patients had distant metastases. Median overall survival (mOS) was 49 (range, 4-134) months. A total of 22 original studies related to surgical treatment of Th-NENs were retrieved.Conclusions: Th-NENs is a very rare and extremely aggressive malignancy. Early diagnosis and surgical resection are the most important methods to improve prognosis. Radical resection and lymph node dissection are recommended for accurate staging and better prognosis. Currently, there are few clinical data on Th-NENs and several important surgical issues remain unresolved. In the future, multi-center, largesample database and clinical studies are urgently needed to explore better treatment modality.

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Development and validation of a nomogram prognostic model for patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

A nomogram model to predict the venous thromboembolism risk after surgery in patients with gynecological tumors

A nomogram model to predict the venous thromboembolism risk after surgery in patients with gynecological tumors

Recurrent thymic carcinoma treated with anterior median thoracotomy, innominate vein replacement for superior vena cava, and iodide implantation: A case report and review of the literature

Surgical treatment of intermediate to high grade thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms: case series of five patients and literature review

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