Development and validation of a selective HPLC-UV method for thymol determination in skin permeation experiments

Ângelo, Tamara; Pires, Felipe Q.; Gelfuso, Guilherme M.; Silva, Joyce Kelly R. da; Cunha-Filho, Marcílio

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.04.011

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Due to their high biological activity products rich in these phenolic terpenoids have found wide application as: food or food additives, aromatic spices, para-pharmaceutical products, dietary supplements, herbal products, cosmetics, or fragrance raw materials [2,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The lethal doses of these compounds are high-LD 50 are: > 2000, 810, and 980 mg/kg, for eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol, respectively (rat, orally) [38]; and what is important, in nature, these compounds are not present in such high concentrations.…”

Section: Phenolic Terpenoids: Eugenol Carvacrol and Thymolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second large group used for this purpose is chromatographic methods, mostly coupled with MS [39,40,48,49]. A similar situation is in the case of thymol, where numerous procedures have been developed using electrochemical methods [41,46] and chromatographic methods coupled with MS [37,[43][44][45]. Determination of carvacrol is carried out mainly using chromatographic methods.…”

Section: Phenolic Terpenoids: Eugenol Carvacrol and Thymolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate approach in voltammetric identification and simultaneous determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on boron-doped diamond electrode

Kowalcze

Jakubowska

2019

Monatsh Chem

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The paper presents multivariate partial least-squares calibration model defined for the identification and simultaneous determination of phenolic terpenoids-eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol-by means of the differential pulse voltammetry. For the first time, using boron-doped diamond electrode signal, electrochemical distinction of carvacrol and thymol, despite the short distance between the peaks (15 mV), was described. The analytes' concentrations applied in the calibration model were selected using the 3-factorial central composite design. The multivariate partial least-squares model, with optimized data pre-processing, was used for determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol in the concentration ranges of 0.77-13.86, 0.58-10.40, and 0.73-7.32 mg/dm 3 , respectively. The quality of the method, expressed by the root-mean-squared error of calibration was 0.55, 0.20, and 0.26 mg/dm 3 for the specified analytes. The recovery in the analysis of the pure signals was 98.92%, 101.62%, and 101.46%, what confirmed the possibility of clearly distinguishing the thymol and carvacrol peaks. In the spiked honey samples, the accuracy of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol determination, expressed by the root-meansquared error of prediction, was in the range 0.20-0.83 mg/dm 3 , and recovery in the range 80.9-111.9%. Application of the presented model not only enables electrochemical identification and simultaneous determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol, but also allows rapid, accurate, and low-cost verification of authenticity of the commercial products.

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Section: Phenolic Terpenoids: Eugenol Carvacrol and Thymolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenolic Terpenoids: Eugenol Carvacrol and Thymolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate approach in voltammetric identification and simultaneous determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on boron-doped diamond electrode

Kowalcze

Jakubowska

2019

Monatsh Chem

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“…Data were fitted using linear least-squares regression. Student's t -test ( p =0.05) was employed to calculate the angular coefficient significance followed by proportionality tests, whereas the response factors were calculated by the ratio between the peak area and AlPcCl concentration [ 14 ]. The residues were estimated based on the difference between theoretical and experimental values, which were calculated from the calibration curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and Selective HPLC-UV/Vis Bioanalytical Method to Determine Aluminum Phthalocyanine Chloride in Skin Permeation Studies

Reis

Jaculi

Alves

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Considering the feasibility of the aluminum phthalocyanine chloride (AlPcCl) application in the topical photodynamic therapy of cutaneous tumors and the lack of HPLC methods capable of supporting skin permeation experiments using this compound, the aim of this study was to obtain a simple and selective chromatographic method for AlPcCl determination in skin matrices. A HPLC-UV/Vis method was developed using a normal-phase column operating at 30°C, an isocratic mobile phase of methanol : phosphoric acid (0.01 M) at 1.5 mL/min, and detection at 670 nm. The method exhibited (i) selectivity against various contaminants found in the different skin layers, (ii) high drug extraction capacity from the hair follicle (>70%) and remaining skin (>80%), and (iii) low limits of detection and of quantification (0.03 and 0.09 μg/mL, resp.). The method was also linear in the range from 0.1 to 5.0 µg/mL (r = 0.9994) and demonstrated robustness with regard to experimental chromatographic parameters according to a factorial design. Lastly, the developed method was successfully tested in in vitro skin permeation studies of AlPcCl, proving its effectiveness in the development of pharmaceutical delivery systems containing this drug for topical photodynamic therapy of skin cancers.

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“…All data were fitted using least squares linear regression. Student t‐ tests ( p = 0.05) were employed to calculate the angular coefficient significance and proportionality tests, whereas the response factors were calculated by the ratio between peak area and CA concentration (Angelo et al, ). The residues were calculated based on the difference between theoretical and experimental values, which were calculated from the calibration curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile chromatographic method for catechin determination in development of topical formulations containing natural extracts

Ferreira‐Nunes

Ângelo

Silva

et al. 2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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Catechin is found in several natural sources, as Eugenia dysenterica and Syzygium cumini extracts. Its antioxidant and UV-protective properties suggest a potential use in cosmetic and dermatological formulations. A simple analytical method capable of giving support to experiments performed along the development of topical formulations containing this natural substance (i.e. drug assay, skin permeation and stability studies), however, is still needed. Thus, this work aimed to develop and validate a selective HPLC method for catechin determination during the development of topical formulations. Separation was achieved using an RP-C column (300 × 3.9 mm; 10 μm), with a mobile phase of methanol-phosphoric acid 0.01 m (15: 85, v/v), a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, temperature set at 40°C and UV detection at 230 nm. The method was linear in a range from 0.5 to 10.0 μg/mL (r = 0.9998), precise with an overall variation coefficient of 5.5% and accurate with catechin recovery from the skin layers >85%. Additionally, the method was sensitive (limit of detection, 0.109 μg/mL; limit of quantification, 0.342 μg/mL) and selective against plant extracts, skin matrices and formulation interferents, as well as catechin degradation products. It was also robust regarding both methodology parameters and analytical stability.

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Development and validation of a selective HPLC-UV method for thymol determination in skin permeation experiments

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Multivariate approach in voltammetric identification and simultaneous determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on boron-doped diamond electrode

Multivariate approach in voltammetric identification and simultaneous determination of eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on boron-doped diamond electrode

Simple and Selective HPLC-UV/Vis Bioanalytical Method to Determine Aluminum Phthalocyanine Chloride in Skin Permeation Studies

Versatile chromatographic method for catechin determination in development of topical formulations containing natural extracts

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