Development and Validation of Ambulosono: A Wearable Sensor for Bio-Feedback Rehabilitation Training

More than 8.6 million people suffer from neurological disorders that affect their gait and balance. Physical therapists provide interventions to improve patient’s functional outcomes, yet balance and gait are often evaluated in a subjective and observational manner. The use of quantitative methods allows for assessment and tracking of patient progress during and after rehabilitation or for early diagnosis of movement disorders. This paper surveys the state-of-the-art in wearable sensor technology in gait, balance, and range of motion research. It serves as a point of reference for future research, describing current solutions and challenges in the field. A two-level taxonomy of rehabilitation assessment is introduced with evaluation metrics and common algorithms utilized in wearable sensor systems.

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“…Chomiak et al [65] 2019 Assess the accuracy and reliability of a wearable sensor system for bio-feedback training.…”

Section: Reference Year Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are studies that implement smart devices to measure trunk movements and postural stability to assess balance [23,29,32,33,52,68]. Other studies quantify gait parameters, including symmetry and variability [35,36,65,66].…”

Section: Smart Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Wearable Sensor Technology in Gait, Balance, and Range of Motion Analysis

2019

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“…Of the closed-loop cueing studies listed in Table 1, two of them examined the immediate/acute effects of auditory cues in a single session using a wearable sensor system. The Ambulosono sensor system and the StepPlus system [87,88] were developed to provide auditory feedback to inform users when their current spatiotemporal gait parameters are out of a specified target range. Both systems [87,88] were designed for use by people with PD but have not yet been tested in people with PD.…”

Section: Benefits Of Closed-loop Cueing On Gait In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ambulosono sensor system and the StepPlus system [87,88] were developed to provide auditory feedback to inform users when their current spatiotemporal gait parameters are out of a specified target range. Both systems [87,88] were designed for use by people with PD but have not yet been tested in people with PD. Preliminary results on a control population (a group of individuals without PD) showed improvements in stride length, stride length CoV, and cadence.…”

Section: Benefits Of Closed-loop Cueing On Gait In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are technical challenges in measuring gait parameters from wearable sensors in real-time and conveying feedback in a manner that is safe and easy-to-use. Our group and others are working to develop low-cost, wearable systems for real-time feedback in home or community environments [87,104,105]. Once the technical development challenges are overcome, these systems will be evaluated for accuracy and safety and then clinical efficacy will have to be assessed in an RCT.…”

Section: Closed-loop Cueing: Challenges and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cueing Paradigms to Improve Gait and Posture in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review

Muthukrishnan

Abbas

Shill

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Progressive gait dysfunction is one of the primary motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). It is generally expressed as reduced step length and gait speed and as increased variability in step time and step length. People with PD also exhibit stooped posture which disrupts gait and impedes social interaction. The gait and posture impairments are usually resistant to the pharmacological treatment, worsen as the disease progresses, increase the likelihood of falls, and result in higher rates of hospitalization and mortality. These impairments may be caused by perceptual deficiencies (poor spatial awareness and loss of temporal rhythmicity) due to the disruptions in processing intrinsic information related to movement initiation and execution which can result in misperceptions of the actual effort required to perform a desired movement and maintain a stable posture. Consequently, people with PD often depend on external cues during execution of motor tasks. Numerous studies involving open-loop cues have shown improvements in gait and freezing of gait (FoG) in people with PD. However, the benefits of cueing may be limited, since cues are provided in a consistent/rhythmic manner irrespective of how well a person follows them. This limitation can be addressed by providing feedback in real-time to the user about performance (closed-loop cueing) which may help to improve movement patterns. Some studies that used closed-loop cueing observed improvements in gait and posture in PD, but the treadmill-based setup in a laboratory would not be accessible outside of a research setting, and the skills learned may not readily and completely transfer to overground locomotion in the community. Technologies suitable for cueing outside of laboratory environments could facilitate movement practice during daily activities at home or in the community and could strongly reinforce movement patterns and improve clinical outcomes. This narrative review presents an overview of cueing paradigms that have been utilized to improve gait and posture in people with PD and recommends development of closed-loop wearable systems that can be used at home or in the community to improve gait and posture in PD.

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A Skin‐Like and Highly Stretchable Optical Fiber Sensor with the Hybrid Coding of Wavelength–Light Intensity

Chen

et al. 2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Skin‐like electrical sensor has been widely employed for wearable human healthcare monitoring but is limited by electromagnetic interferences, poor waterproof performance, and point‐type measurement. Herein, a skin‐like and stretchable optical fiber (SSOF) sensor with excellent stretchability (up to 100%), flexibility, and excellent compliance with skin is reported. A hybrid coding based on the light intensity difference of two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is created to achieve the resistance for light power fluctuations and the capability of distributed measurement. The SSOF sensor has outstanding durability (>10 000 cycles), waterproofness, and impact resistance. And it can stably work in heat (55 °C) or cold (≈0 °C) environment as well. Furthermore, the SSOF sensor‐based human–computer interaction system is created to achieve the distributed monitoring of physiological parameters and human full‐body movement leading to the enormous potential for virtual reality (VR) and rehabilitation therapy.

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Development and Validation of Ambulosono: A Wearable Sensor for Bio-Feedback Rehabilitation Training

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Use of Wearable Sensor Technology in Gait, Balance, and Range of Motion Analysis

Use of Wearable Sensor Technology in Gait, Balance, and Range of Motion Analysis

Cueing Paradigms to Improve Gait and Posture in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review

A Skin‐Like and Highly Stretchable Optical Fiber Sensor with the Hybrid Coding of Wavelength–Light Intensity

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