Compared to traditional liquid chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) delivers better results for analyzing unknown compounds. It permits faster resolution time, better peak shapes, repeatable responses, and greater precision. A comprehensive literature search has been conducted using online academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, using keywords such as HPLC, pesticide analysis, drugs analysis, chromatographic conditions, and HPLC Column type. Total 75 number of articles were collected from peer-reviewed journals. With the help of literature review we have summarized the chromatographic condition of 30 drug candidates and 27 pesticide candidates. The study’s findings can guide future researchers to understand the chromatographic parameters of drugs and pesticides.