Development and validation of serological assays for viral hemorrhagic fevers and determination of the prevalence of Rift Valley fever in Borno State, Nigeria

Bukbuk, David; Fukushi, Shuetsu; Tani, Hideki; Yoshikawa, Tomoki; Taniguchi, Satoshi; Iha, Koichiro; Fukuma, Aiko; Shimojima, Masayuki; Morikawa, Shigeru; Saijo, Masayuki; Kasolo, Francis; Baba, S. S.

doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru163

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A previous study in Borno State using 297 samples collected from patients attending health facilities between September 2011 and February 2012 showed a prevalence rate for IgG antibodies against CCHFV of 2.4% using a similar ELISA test to that used in this study [34]. The difference in IgG levels may be due to different study populations, for example our report was conducted on samples collected from 4 LGAs whereas the earlier report was conducted on samples from 10 LGAs [34]. In 1974, it was reported that 9.6% of 250 sera collected in Nigeria had neutralisation activity specific to CCHFV [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Serological and Virological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Circulation in the Human Population of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDespite several studies on the seroprevalence of antibodies against Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHFV) from humans and cattle in Nigeria, detailed investigation looking at IgG and IgM have not been reported. Additionally, there have been no confirmed cases of human CCHFV infection reported from Nigeria.Principal FindingsSamples from sera (n = 1189) collected from four Local Government Areas in Borno State (Askira/Uba, Damboa, Jere and Maiduguri) were assessed for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies. The positivity rates for IgG and IgM were 10.6% and 3.5%, respectively. Additionally, sera from undiagnosed febrile patients (n = 380) were assessed by RT-PCR assay for the presence of CCHFV RNA. One positive sample was characterised by further by next generation sequencing (NGS) resulting in complete S, M and L segment sequences.ConclusionsThis article provides evidence for the continued exposure of the human population of Nigeria to CCHFV. The genomic analysis provides the first published evidence of a human case of CCHFV in Nigeria and its phylogenetic context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Serological and Virological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Circulation in the Human Population of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria

et al. 2016

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“…Pseudotype viruses bearing the G protein of VSV (VSVpv), GP of RVFV (RVFVpv), and murine leukemia virus (MLV) envelope protein (MLVpv) were generated as described previously (17,18). In brief, HEK 293T cells were grown to 70% confluence on collagen-coated tissue culture plates and then transfected with each of the expression vectors pKS-SFTSV-GP, pKS-RVFV-GP, pCAG-VSV-G, and pFBASALF (which expresses MLV envelope proteins; provided by T. Miyazawa, Kyoto University).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Glycoprotein-Mediated Entry of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

Tani

Shimojima

Fukushi

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever with a high case fatality rate caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). Effective vaccines and specific therapies for SFTS are urgently sought, and investigation into virus-host cell interactions is expected to contribute to the development of antiviral strategies. In this study, we have developed a pseudotype vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) bearing the unmodified Gn/Gc glycoproteins (GPs) of SFTSV (SFTSVpv). We have analyzed the host cell entry of this pseudotype virus and native SFTSV. Both SFTSVpv and SFTSV exhibited high infectivity in various mammalian cell lines. The use of lysosomotropic agents indicated that virus entry occurred via pH-dependent endocytosis. SFTSVpv and SFTSV infectivity was neutralized by serial dilutions of convalescent-phase patient sera. Entry of SFTSVpv and growth of SFTSV were increased in Raji cells expressing not only the C-type lectin dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) but also DC-SIGN-related (DC-SIGNR) and liver and lymph node sinusoidal endothelial cell C-type lectin (LSECtin). 25-Hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a soluble oxysterol metabolite, inhibited the cell entry of SFTSVpv and the membrane fusion of SFTSV. These results indicate that pH-dependent endocytosis of SFTSVpv and SFTSV is enhanced by attachment to certain C-type lectins. SFTSVpv is an appropriate model for the investigation of SFTSV-GP-mediated cell entry and virus neutralization at lower biosafety levels. Furthermore, 25HC may represent a potential antiviral agent against SFTS. IMPORTANCESFTSV is a recently discovered bunyavirus associated with SFTS, a viral hemorrhagic fever with a high case fatality rate endemic to China, South Korea, and Japan. Because little is known about the characteristics of the envelope protein and entry mechanisms of SFTSV, further studies will be required for the development of a vaccine or effective therapies. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of SFTSV cell entry using SFTSVpv and the native virus. SFTSV can grow in nonsusceptible cell lines in the presence of certain C-type lectins. Moreover, 25HC, an oxysterol metabolite, may represent a potential therapeutic inhibitor of SFTSV infection. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a newly recognized emerging viral infectious disease, is caused by a novel phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae, SFTS virus (SFTSV) (1-3). SFTSV can be transmitted to humans by tick bites, causing abrupt high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms, with a high case fatality rate (4). SFTSV is a single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus with three genomic segments, L, M, and S. The L segment encodes a viral RNA polymerase, while the M segment encodes the two viral envelope glycoproteins (GPs) Gn and Gc. The S segment is an ambisense RNA encoding a nucleoprotein (NP) and a nonstructural protein (NSs). The Gn and Gc proteins of bunyaviruses are usually localized in the Golgi app...

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“…A major advantage of using MERSpv for neutralization assays is that infection can be detected earlier when using a VSV backbone than when using a lentivirus backbone. Furthermore, VSV pseudotypes can be applied for highthroughput screening for neutralizing antibodies [4]. MERSpv-St16 may be a useful reagent that can provide a…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inability of rat DPP4 to allow MERS-CoV infection revealed by using a VSV pseudotype bearing truncated MERS-CoV spike protein

et al. 2015

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Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (Co-V) contains a single spike (S) protein, which binds to a receptor molecule, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4; also known as CD26), and serves as a neutralizing antigen. Pseudotyped viruses are useful for measuring neutralization titers against highly infectious viruses as well as for studying their mechanism of entry. In this study, we constructed a series of cytoplasmic deletion mutants of MERS-CoV S and compared the efficiency with which they formed pseudotypes with vesicular stomatitis virus. A pseudotype bearing an S protein with the C-terminal 16 amino acids deleted (MERSpv-St16) reached a maximum titer that was approximately tenfold higher than that of a pseudotype bearing a non-truncated full-length S protein. Using MERSpv-St16, we demonstrated the inability of rat DPP4 to serve as a functional receptor for MERS-CoV, suggesting that rats are not susceptible to MERS-CoV infection. This study provides novel information that enhances our understanding of the host range of MERS-CoV.

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Development and validation of serological assays for viral hemorrhagic fevers and determination of the prevalence of Rift Valley fever in Borno State, Nigeria

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Serological and Virological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Circulation in the Human Population of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria

Serological and Virological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Circulation in the Human Population of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria

Characterization of Glycoprotein-Mediated Entry of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

Inability of rat DPP4 to allow MERS-CoV infection revealed by using a VSV pseudotype bearing truncated MERS-CoV spike protein

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