Development and validation of the masculine behavior scale: A measure of behaviors stereotypically attributed to males vs. females

The Impact of Counselor and Participant Gender on Willingness to Discuss Relational Topics: Development of the Relationship Disclosure Scale

“…This instrument could be used, for example, to explore questions about the types of counselor characteristics that influence women's and men's willingness to discuss their intimate relationships; the types of personality attributes that might mediate people's willingness to disclose personal information about their intimate relationships; and the impact of disclosure tendencies on the quality of women's and men's relationships (Chelune, Vosk, Sultan, Ogden, & Waring, 1984). In our own continuing research program, we have begun to examine the impact of gender role tendencies on women's and men's willingness to discuss features of their intimate relationships with counselors (Snell, , 1987(Snell, , 1989b. In addition, practicing counselors might want to consider using the RDS in their efforts to help clients who are seeking premarital counseling to identify relational topics for discussion.…”

Should Women Care Less? Intrinsic Motivation and Gender Inequality

“…6 Such personal traits can be loosely interpreted as gender-specific preferences. Men are asked to assess the degree to which they perceive that close relationships to others might detract them from career developments (Snell 1989). This approach was largely displaced by the Bem Sex Role Inventory Scale, which allows individuals to describe themselves as having both masculine and feminine traits.…”

“…Another psychological scale used to assess masculine stereotypes also relates conspicuously to care. Men are asked to assess the degree to which they perceive that close relationships to others might detract them from career developments (Snell 1989).…”

Gender, Age and Length of Relationship as Factors Affecting Sexual Self Disclosure among Heterosexual Adolescents in Nigeria.

“…Measures: A questionnaire comprising of two sections was used for the study. Section A of the questionnaire consisted of questions to tap information about participants" age, gender, and length of intimate relationship while section B consisted of the revised sexual self disclosure scale designed by Snell (1989). The scale consists of 172 items that form 24 three items subscale.…”