Development of a Catalytic Partial Oxidation Ethanol Reformer for Fuel Cell Applications

Mitchell, William L.; J., Thijssen, Johannes H.; Bentley, Jeffrey M; Marek, N.J.

doi:10.4271/952761

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The liquid-phase axial dispersion coefficient was then directly correlated with the liquid recirculation velocity as shown in eq. (14). This correlation showed good agreement with experimental data [349] in small column diameters, however, its applicability to large column diameters is questionable as the existence of these multiple cells in a time averaged sense has not been experimentally investigated or correlated.…”

Section: Reith Et Al []supporting

confidence: 78%

“…Solid feedstocks, such as coal and biomass, are converted in a gasifier, of which various types have been already in industrial applications [7][8][9][10]. Different gasification processes and technologies have also been discussed in the literature [4,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Natural gas, on the other hand, is converted to syngas in a reformer using either partial oxidation (POX), steam methane reforming (SMR) or autothermal reforming (ATR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review

Basha

Sehabiague

Abdel‐Wahab

et al. 2015

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering

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This paper presents an extensive review of the kinetics, hydrodynamics, mass transfer, heat transfer and mathematical as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of Low-Temperature Tropsch Synthesis (LTFT) synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors (SBCRs), with the aim of identifying potential research and development areas in this particular field. The kinetic expressions developed for F-T synthesis over iron and cobalt catalysts along with the water gas shift (WGS) reactions are summarized and compared. The experimental data and empirical correlations to predict the hydrodynamics (gas holdup, Sauter mean bubble diameter, and bubble rise velocity), mass transfer coefficients and heat transfer coefficients are presented. The effects of various operating variables, including pressure, temperature, gas velocity, catalyst concentration, reactor geometry, and reactor internals on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters as well as the performance of SBCRs are discussed. Additionally, modeling efforts of SBCRs, using axial dispersion models (ADM), multiple cell recirculation models (MCCM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are addressed. This review revealed the following:(1) Numerous F-T and WGS kinetic rate expressions are available for cobalt and iron catalysts and one must be careful in selecting the appropriate expressions for LTFT. Iron catalyst suffers from severe attrition and subsequent deactivation in SBCRs and accordingly building a costly catalyst manufacturing facility onsite is required to maintain a steady operation of the F-T reactor;(2) Experimental data on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters at high pressures and temperatures, typical to those of actual F-T synthesis, remain scanty when compared with the plethora of studies conducted using air-water systems in small reactors at ambient conditions; (3) Several empirical correlations for predicting the hydrodynamic and mass as well heat transfer parameters are available and one should select those which consider the reactor diameter, gas mixtures and the potential foamability of the F-T liquids; (4) The effect of cooling internals configuration and sparger design on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters, local turbulence, mixing and catalyst attrition are yet to be seriously addressed; (5) The impact of operating variables on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters as well as the overall performance of the SBCRs should be investigated using actual F-T fluid-solid systems under typical pressures and temperatures using a large-scale reactor ( > 0.15 m ID) in the presence of gas spargers and cooling internals; (6) Significant efforts are still required in order to advance CFD modeling of SBCRs, particularly those pertaining to the relevant closure models, such as drag, lift and turbulence. Also, cooling internals configuration and the design as well as orientation of gas spargers should be accounted for in the CFD modeling; and (7) Proper validations of the CFD formulations using actual systems for F-T SBCR are needed.

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Section: Reith Et Al []supporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review

Basha

Sehabiague

Abdel‐Wahab

et al. 2015

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering

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“…Small scale partial oxidation systems have recently become commercially available, but are still undergoing intensive R&D (Moard 1995, Loftus 1994, Mitchell et.al. 1995.…”

Section: Partial Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a POX reactor where the reaction is Partial oxidation systems are under development by Arthur D. Little (ADL 1994, Loftus 1994, Mitchell et.al. 1995 and by Hydrogen Burner Technology (Moard 1995).…”

Section: Partial Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen energy systems studies. Final technical report

Ogden¹,

Kreutz²,

Kartha³

et al. 1996

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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United Statu Government Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their cmpioyets, makes any warranty, exprey or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or setvice by trade name. trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not ncccssarily constitute or imply its endorsement, reammendktion. or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thmof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect thosc of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.

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“…Solid feedstocks, such as coal and biomass, are converted in a gasifier, of which various types have been already in industrial applications [37][38][39][40]. Different gasification processes and technologies have also been discussed in the literature [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Natural gas, on the other hand, is converted to syngas in a reformer using either partial oxidation (POX), steam methane reforming (SMR) or auto-thermal reforming (ATR).…”

Section: Applications To Fischer-tropsch Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems

Morsi¹,

Basha²

2015

Mass Transfer - Advancement in Process Modelling

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Mass traσsλer iσ reactive aσd στσ-reactive multiphase systems is τλ vital impτr-taσce iσ chemical, petrτchemical, aσd biτlτμical eσμiσeeriσμ applicatiτσs. Iσ this chapter, theτries aσd mτdels τλ mass traσsλer iσ μas-liquid, μas-sτlid aσd μas-liquid-sτlid systems with aσd withτut chemical reactiτσs are brieλly reviewed.Literature data τσ the mass traσsλer characteristics iσ multiphase reactτrs τver the last twτ decades with applicatiτσs tτ the Fischer-Trτpsch F-T syσthesis are summarized. Mτreτver, the F-T reactiτσs are described aσd aσ τverview τλ the use τλ Slurry "ubble Cτlumσ Reactτrs S"CRs aσd Multitubular Fixed "ed

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Development of a Catalytic Partial Oxidation Ethanol Reformer for Fuel Cell Applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review

Hydrogen energy systems studies. Final technical report

Mass Transfer in Multiphase Systems

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