Development of a direct test of baculovirus resistance in wild codling moth populations

Schulze-Bopp, S.; Jehle, Johannes A.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01733.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…From 2005 on, however, the emergence of field resistance of CM populations against CpGV products was detected in Germany and France (11,12). Meanwhile, CpGVresistant CM populations have been documented in 38 orchards, mainly organic apple orchards from different European countries, including Germany (22 orchards), France (3 orchards), Switzerland (22 orchards), Italy (6 orchards), Austria (2 orchards), The Netherlands (2 orchards), and the Czech Republic (1 orchard) (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Some of these field populations were 1,000 to 100,000 times less susceptible to CpGV-M than were typical susceptible larvae (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Second Type of Resistance against Cydia pomonella Granulovirus in Field Populations of Codling Moths

Jehle

Schulze-Bopp

Undorf-Spahn

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) is an important biocontrol agent for the codling moth (CM) in organic and integrated apple production worldwide. Previously, Z chromosome-linked dominant resistance in at least 38 CM field populations in Europe was reported, threatening organic apple production. Growers responded by switching to a different resistance-breaking isolate of CpGV that could control these populations. Here, we report a nonuniform response of different CM field populations to CpGV isolates from CpGV genome groups A to E. Even more strikingly, one field population, NRW-WE, was resistant to all known CpGV genome groups except group B. Single-pair crossing experiments with a susceptible strain, followed by resistance testing of the F 1 offspring, clearly indicated cross-resistance to CpGV isolates that had been considered to be resistance breaking. This finding provides clear evidence of a second, broader type of CpGV resistance with a novel mode of inheritance that cannot be fully explained by Z-linkage of resistance.IMPORTANCE CpGV is registered and used in virtually all commercial apple growing areas worldwide and is therefore the most widely used baculovirus biocontrol agent. Recently, resistance to CpGV products was reported in different countries in Europe, threatening organic growers who rely almost exclusively on CpGV products. This resistance appeared to be targeted against a 24-bp repeat in the pe38 gene in isolate CpGV-M of genome group A, which had been used commercially for many years. On the other hand, resistance could be broken by CpGV isolates from CpGV genome groups B to E. Here, we report clear evidence of a second type of field resistance that is also directed against resistance-breaking isolates of CpGV genome groups C, D, and E and which appears not to be targeted against CpGV pe38. Therefore, we propose to differentiate between type I resistance, which is targeted against pe38 of CpGV genome group A, and a novel type II resistance with an unknown molecular target. This finding stresses the need for further adoption of resistance management strategies for CpGV, since growers cannot rely solely on the use of resistance-breaking CpGV isolates.KEYWORDS baculovirus, biological control, Cydia pomonella, host resistance C ydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) (family Baculoviridae) is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus that is highly virulent to the codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella L., one of the most destructive insect pests in apple, pear, and walnut orchards. Since CpGV is harmless to nontarget animals and has no detrimental impact on the environment (1, 2), commercial CpGV products became a cornerstone of efficient, highly selective, and environmentally friendly control of CM in integrated and organic pome fruit production (3). Today, CpGV products are registered as biocontrol agents in at least 34 countries worldwide (4).

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Second Type of Resistance against Cydia pomonella Granulovirus in Field Populations of Codling Moths

Jehle

Schulze-Bopp

Undorf-Spahn

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, dosages of 10 4 –10 6 OB/ml used in the bioassays can be applied to discriminate between susceptible and resistant neonate individuals in a population. For older instars showing some developmental tolerance to CpGV‐M, a discriminative concentration of 2 × 10 4 OB/ml was proposed for resistance testing (Schulze‐Bopp and Jehle ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Either this value alone or in combination with the LC 50 value can be successfully used for identification of resistance in a population. The development of a fast resistance test that is based on the CpGV induced mortality of larvae extracted from apples will even accelerate the identification process of resistance (Schulze‐Bopp and Jehle ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The occurrence and distribution of resistance of codling moth to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in Europe

Schmitt

Bisutti

Ladurner³

et al. 2013

J Applied Entomology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zichová T., Falta V., Kocourek F., Stará J., 2011. Diff erences in the susceptibility of codling moth populations to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in the Czech Republic. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 38: 21-26. Th e Cydia pomonella granulovirus is a very important agent for the biological control of the codling moth, Cydia pomo-nella, in both organic and integrated apple and pear production. Th ree populations of Cydia pomonella originating from three separate areas of the Czech Republic were tested for their susceptibility to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in laboratory bioassays at several concentrations of Cydia pomonella granulovirus. A sensitive laboratory strain was chosen as a control. Th e larval mortality was checked 14 days after the infection. Th e mortality of Cydia pomonella larvae was similar in specimens originating from both the wild populations and the laboratory strain. Decreased susceptibility to Cydia pomonella granulovirus was demonstrated neither in samples from locality without Cydia pomonella granulovirus treatment nor from a locality experimentally treated with Cydia pomonella granulovirus for several years during the registration process. However, one population experimentally treated for more than 10 years was partially resistant to Cydia pomonella granulovirus. Based on our fi ndings; the Cydia pomonella granulovirus biopesticides will be effi cient due to the high susceptibility of fi eld codling moth populations to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in the Czech Republic.

show abstract

“…Since 2005, resistance against the widely used isolate CpGV-M has been reported from different countries in Europe [41,43,44]. In a multination monitoring program, Schulze-Bopp and Jehle [45] identified that 70% of CM were resistant or partly resistant to CpGV across multiple orchards in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, and the Netherlands. The recent research by Sauer et al [46] described autosomal and dominant inheritance of this resistance and demonstrated cross-resistance to different CpGV genome groups.…”

Section: Insecticides Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Pest Management Challenges and Control Practices in Codling Moth: A Review

Balaško

Bažok

Mikac

et al. 2020

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., is a serious insect pest in pome fruit production worldwide with a preference for apple. The pest is known for having developed resistance to several chemical groups of insecticides, making its control difficult. The control and management of the codling moth is often hindered by a lack of understanding about its biology and ecology, including aspects of its population genetics. This review summarizes the information about the origin and biology of the codling moth, describes the mechanisms of resistance in this pest, and provides an overview of current research of resistant pest populations and genetic research both in Europe and globally. The main focus of this review is on non-pesticide control measures and anti-resistance strategies which help to reduce the number of chemical pesticides used and their residues on food and the local environment. Regular monitoring for insecticide resistance is essential for proactive management to mitigate potential insecticide resistance. Here we describe techniques for the detection of resistant variants and possibilities for monitoring resistance populations. Also, we present our present work on developing new methods to maintain effective control using appropriate integrated resistance management (IRM) strategies for this economically important perennial pest.

show abstract

Development of a direct test of baculovirus resistance in wild codling moth populations

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Evidence for a Second Type of Resistance against Cydia pomonella Granulovirus in Field Populations of Codling Moths

Evidence for a Second Type of Resistance against Cydia pomonella Granulovirus in Field Populations of Codling Moths

The occurrence and distribution of resistance of codling moth to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in Europe

Pest Management Challenges and Control Practices in Codling Moth: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About