Development of a New Sequential Extraction Procedure of Nickel Species on Workplace Airborne Particulate Matter: Assessing the Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Metal Species

Abstract

Nickel (Ni) compounds and metallic Ni have many industrial and commercial applications, including their use in the manufacturing of stainless steel. Due to the specific toxicological properties of the different Ni species, there is a growing interest about the availability of analytical methods that allow specific risk assessment, particularly related to exposure to the Ni species classified as carcinogenic. In this paper, we described a speciation method of inorganic Ni compounds in airborne particulate matter, based on selective sequential extractions. The analytical method described in this paper allows the determination of soluble, sulfidic, metallic, and oxide Ni by a simple sequential extraction procedure and determination by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy using small volumes of solutions and without long evaporation phases. The method has been initially set up on standard laboratory mixtures of known concentrations of different Ni salts. Then it has then been tested on airborne particulate matter (powder and filters) collected in different workstations of a large stainless steel production facility. The method has occurred effectively in the comparison of the obtained results with occupational exposure limit values set by the main international scientific and regulatory agencies for occupational safety and health, in order to prevent both toxic and carcinogenic effects in humans.

Metal Ion Release from Fine Particulate Matter Sampled in the Po Valley to an Aqueous Solution Mimicking Fog Water: Kinetics and Solubility

“…If PM is in contact with environmental or physiological solutions, the substances contained in the particles may be released, thus becoming bio-accessible and potentially toxic to living organisms and human tissues. For this reason, a very large number of papers have been or are being published in which the release of selected elements from PM to simulated physiological fluids was investigated (Benetello et al, 2018;Catalani et al, 2018;Dehghani et al, 2018;Gao et al, 2018;Hernández-Pellón et al, 2018;Huang et al, 2018;Kastury et al, 2018a, b;Nie et al, 2018;Pelfrêne and Douay, 2018;Wiseman et al, 2018;Berlinger et al, 2019;Du et al, 2019;Hernández-Pellón et al, 2019;Luo et al, 2019;Tang et al, 2019;Xing et al, 2019). For a list of older references see the review by Mukhtar and Limbeck (2013).…”

Assessment of metals induced histopathological and gene expression changes in different organs of non-diabetic and diabetic rats

“…Here, we extended our analysis employing histopathological and qRT-PCR (for Bcl 2 and Caspase-3 expression) analyses to investigate the metal alone as well as metal mixture induced toxicity in different organs including heart, liver, pancreas, and spleen in addition to the kidney of diabetic and non-diabetic Wistar rats. Diabetes is a complex www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ metabolic disorder 13 and it is well documented that different toxicants involve in the induction of insulin resistance and contribute to diabetes-related substantial mortalities 23,24 . Apoptosis can be induced by a variety of stimuli including chemotherapy agents 25 , ultraviolet (UV) radiations 26 , polychlorinated biphenyls 27 , infection by pathogens 28 , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 29 and heavy metals 30,31 .…”

“…Humans are exposed to heavy metals through water, food or inhalation. Metals readily accumulate in tissues of vital organs via contaminated air, water 13 and food 14 resulting in long-term toxic effects. Concentrations of trace elements affect a range of organs in both humans and animals 15 .…”

Erratum to “Development of a New Sequential Extraction Procedure of Nickel Species on Workplace Airborne Particulate Matter: Assessing the Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Metal Species”

“…In the article titled “Development of a New Sequential Extraction Procedure of Nickel Species on Workplace Airborne Particulate Matter: Assessing the Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Metal Species” [1], the first and last names of all the authors were reversed. The revised authors' list is shown above.…”